北京市不同治理区水土流失的环境效应分析  

Study on Environmental Effect of Soil and Water Erosion in Different Control Areas of Beijing City

作　　者：和继军[1,2,3] 曹温庆[1] 蔡强国[3] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学初等教育学院,北京100048 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨陵712100 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地水循环与地表过程重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2010年第5期35-39,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：973国家重点基础研究发展计划资助(2007CB407207);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放基金(10501-251)

摘　　要：降雨、地貌特征、植被覆盖是影响区域水土流失发生强度的主要因素。研究表明,由于重点预防保护区植被覆盖度高,受人类活动影响小,其土壤流失强度受降雨年际变化的影响程度较小,而重点治理区和重点监督区受其影响明显;对于径流强度,重点保护区和重点监督区随降雨年际间变化较大,重点治理区相对较为稳定,主要是由于该区坡面大量工程措施对径流的拦蓄能力加强。径流及泥沙是土壤污染物流失的主要动力和载体,水土流失的强度直接影响到污染物的流失强度。该研究中总磷、总氮及CODMn的流失强度与径流及土壤流失强度的变化趋势基本一致,且重点预防保护区>重点监督区>重点治理区。Rainfall,morphologic feature and vegetational cover are the main factors affecting regional soil erosion.The results showed the rainfall between years had a less impact on soil erosion intensity in key protection region,mainly due to higher vegetation coverage and less human activities.However,soil erosion between key control region and monitoring region was largely dominated by the rainfall,and the soil erosion intensity of the two regions is much higher than the key protection region.For the protection area and key monitoring area,there were great changes about the annual runoff intensity between years,and the annual runoff intensity between years was relatively more stable in the emphasis control area,this is because a large number of engineering measures on the slope could enhance the role of control runoff.And the same time,the runoff and sediment is the main power and carrier of soil pollutants,the soil loss intensity directly affects the pollutant loss intensity.The study indicated that the loss intensity of total phosphorus,total nitrogen and CODMn had the same trend with the runoff and soil loss intensity between years,and the three regions were in order of key protection regionkey monitoring regionemphasis control region.

关 键 词：水土流失 环境效应 土壤流失强度 土地利用 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] X171.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]