一株丝状蓝藻的分离鉴定及其对原油耐受性能的研究  

Isolation and identification of a filamentous cyanobacterium and its tolerance for crude oil

作　　者：唐霞[1] 何丽媛[1] 党志[1,2] 卢桂宁[1] 易筱筠[1,2] 杨琛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510006 [2]工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室,广州510006

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2010年第10期1992-1998,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(No. 9351064101000001);广东省自然科学基金重点项目(No. 05103552);广东省科技计划项目(No. 2007A050100023);环境地球化学国家重点实验室开放基金~~

摘　　要：从石油污染的港口水域分离筛选到一株丝状蓝藻GH1,通过形态学和分子生物学分析鉴定为颤藻.从生长情况和抗氧化酶活性方面研究了这株颤藻对原油的耐受性.在0～20d培养过程中,原油培养条件下GH1的叶绿素增长更快,第7天即达到生长稳定期;可溶性蛋白含量随时间的变化呈先上升后下降的趋势,原油样品的可溶性蛋白含量始终要显著高于空白样.在0～1%体积浓度范围内,第7天测定原油样品中颤藻叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量均明显高于空白样.对抗氧化酶系统而言,在原油培养条件下,培养初期超氧化物歧化酶SOD(Superoxide Dismutase)和过氧化氢酶CAT(Catalase)活性显著高于空白样,随着培养时间增加,SOD和CAT活性呈下降趋势,而过氧化物酶POD(Peroxidase)活性一直呈上升趋势.低浓度原油能刺激3种抗氧化酶活性都升高,高浓度原油对SOD和CAT活性有抑制作用,但POD活性仍能随原油浓度增加而升高.在原油中毒性物质的胁迫下,POD与SOD、CAT的响应表现为互补的变化趋势,3种酶共同防御作用是颤藻GH1耐受原油胁迫的主要机制.A filamentous cyanobacterium strain GH1 was isolated from oil-contaminated water collected from Huangpu Port,and was identified as Oscillatoriales using morphological and molecular methods. The tolerance of strain GH1 for crude oil was studied from two aspects including its growth and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The chlorophyll of Oscillatoriales GH1 in the cultivation with crude oil increased more rapidly than the control,and could achieve the stationary phase in the 7th day. The contents of soluble protein were initially increased but then decreased during the 20 d cultivation. The concentrations of soluble protein in the samples grown under crude oil conditions were always significantly higher than those in control group. Both concentrations of soluble protein and chlorophyll were promoted by 0~1% （v：v） crude oil. For the antioxidant enzyme system,the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） were significantly higher than the control group in the initial culture stage with crude oil cultivation. The SOD and CAT decreased but peroxidase （POD） kept increasing with time. All three antioxidant enzymes were promoted by low concentrations of crude oil. High concentrations of crude oil could inhibit the activity of SOD and CAT,while the activity of POD still increased. There is a complementary effect between SOD,CAT and POD to resist the toxic substances in crude oil. This complementary cooperation of the three enzymes is likely the main mechanism for Oscillatoriales GH1 tolerance to crude oil.

关 键 词：颤藻 分离鉴定 原油 生长情况 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]