少数民族儿童青少年生长长期变化趋势分析  

Long-term trend in change of growth among children and adolescents of Hui,Uygur,Zhuang,and Korean

作　　者：张天成[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学体育学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2010年第10期1217-1219,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(06CTY010);湖南省教育厅资助科研项目(09B086)

摘　　要：目的探讨回族、维吾尔族、壮族、朝鲜族儿童青少年1985-2005年生长长期变化特点、规律和趋势,为改善和提高中国少数民族儿童青少年生长发育水平提供科学依据。方法分析中国学生体质与健康调研中的回、维、壮、朝鲜族7-18岁中小学生身高、体重、体质指数（BMI）、身高最大增长年龄（MIA）的增幅和不同阶段增速,并以18岁年龄组为个案计算成年身高的持续增长和性别差异。结果 1985-2005年,回、维、壮、朝鲜族7-18岁中小学生身高平均增长幅度男生为3.76-6.10 cm,女生为1.62-4.81 cm;体重增长幅度男生为3.37-7.03 kg,女生为1.95-5.42 kg;体质指数（BMI）增长幅度男生为0.71-1.72 kg/m2,女生为0.36-1.43 kg/m2;MIA除回族外均提前1-3岁;成年身高出现增长,但幅度大多数不大,性差不足13 cm。结论回、维、壮族人群处于生长长期趋势的初期阶段,朝鲜族已步入快速阶段,4个少数民族人群生长长期趋势潜力较大。Objective To explore the characteristics and long-term trends in changes of growth among the children and adolescents of Hui,Uygur,Zhuang,and Korean between 1985 and 2005 in order to provide a scientific basis for improving minority youth＇s growth and development.Methods Primary and secondary students of Hui,Uygur,Zhuang,and Korean aged from 7 to 18 years were selected and their height,weight,body mass index（BMI）,the maximum increment age（MIA）,the growth at different stages,and gender difference were examined and analyzed.Results For the growth of all students of Hui,Uygur,Zhuang,and Korean in the past 20 years,the increment of height was from 3.76 to 6.10cm for schoolboys and 1.62 to 4.81cm for schoolgirls;the increment of weight was from 3.37 to 7.03kg for schoolboys and 1.95 to 5.42kg for schoolgirls;the increment of BMI was from 0.71 to 1.72 kg/m2 for schoolboys and 0.36 to 1.43 kg/m2 for schoolgirls.Except Hui students,the students＇MIA increased one to three years than before.The height of the students of 18 years old were increased,but without significant difference compared to that of before and the gender difference was less than 13cm.Conclusion The growth of Hui,Uygur,Zhuang students is at the early stage of long-term increase and the Korean students is at the rapid stage.The long-term growth potential of the students of four minorities is obvious.

关 键 词：少数民族 生长长期趋势 儿童 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]