营养改变对潜蝇姬小蜂寄生行为和寄主取食行为的影响  

Effect of nutritional status on the parasitism and host feeding behavior of Diglyphus isaea(Walker) (Hymenoptera:Eulophidae) females

作　　者：张毅波[1,2] 刘万学[1] 万方浩[1] 李强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]云南农业大学植物保护学院昆虫系,昆明650201

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2010年第8期884-890,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771448);北京市自然科学基金项目(6052022)

摘　　要：为了研究营养状态对卵育型寄生蜂潜蝇姬小蜂Diglyphus isaea(Walker)雌蜂的寄主取食行为和产卵寄生行为及其二者行为权衡的影响,在培养皿条件下,比较了饥饿、加蜂蜜水和不加蜂蜜水3种营养状态的潜蝇姬小蜂雌蜂对美洲斑潜蝇Liriomyza sativae Blanchard各龄幼虫(低、中、高)的寄生、取食及致死能力。结果表明:非选择条件下,3种营养状态寄生蜂对高龄幼虫均具有较高的寄生率,对中龄幼虫具有较高的取食率,致死率和致死量之间存在显著性差异。3种状态的寄生蜂对低龄幼虫均没有表现出致死能力。有选择条件下,饥饿状态的寄生蜂对寄主的寄生率最低(5.0%±1.6%),取食率最高(16.0%±2.9%),特别是对高龄幼虫的取食率占到了整个寄主食物取食率的91.9%;加蜂蜜水状态下,寄生蜂对寄主有最低的取食率(8.3%±0.9%)和致死率(17.7%±1.1%);不加蜂蜜水状态下,寄生蜂对寄主有最高的寄生率(13.3%±1.1%)和致死率(28.4%±1.8%)。综合分析发现,取食寄主的雌蜂比取食蜂蜜水的雌蜂具有更强的致死能力和活动能力。In order to investigate the host-feeding behavior of Diglyphus isaea （Walker）,the oviposition behavior and the trade-off between the two behaviors in different nutritional status,we compared the influences of the parasitism,host-feeding and the lethal capability of female D. isaea on Liriomyza sativae Blanchard larvae that were supplied with the distilled water （hungry）,diet with honey and that without honey,respectively. The results showed that under the condition of no-choice,parasitoids in the three kinds of nutritional status had higher parasitism rate on the late instar larva,higher feeding rate on the mid-instar larva,and the mortality and the lethal capability had significant difference. Parasitoids in the three kinds of nutritional status had no lethal capability to the early instar larva. Under the condition of choice,the hungry parasitoids had the lowest parasitism rate （5.0%±1.6%） and the highest feeding rate （16.0%±2.9%）,especially the feeding rate of the late instar larvae amounted to 91.9% of all instar larvae. When honey were supplied,the feeding rate （8.3%±0.9%） and the mortality （17.7%±1.1%） of the parasitoid was the lowest; however,its parasitism rate （13.3%±1.1%） and the mortality （28.4%±1.8%） were the highest when no honey was supplied. In conclusion,the parasitoids feeding hosts have stronger lethal capability than those feeding honey,and the parasitoids supplied with host food have stronger activity than those not supplied with host food.

关 键 词：潜蝇姬小蜂 美洲斑潜蝇 营养 寄主取食 寄生率 致死能力 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]