武汉市重工业区周缘环境中镉的分布及其危害性  

DISTRIBUTION AND POTENTIAL HAZARD OF CADMIUM IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIUM AROUNDING THE HEAVY INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT OF WUHAN CITY

作　　者：李晶[1,2] 凌其聪[1,2] 严莎[3] 喻超[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学地球科学学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2010年第10期1219-1225,共7页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国土资源大调查项目(12120100511103)

摘　　要：采用原子吸收法分析了武汉市重工业基地武钢周边的土壤、街道尘埃及蔬菜等主要环境介质中镉的含量,对环境介质体系中镉的地球化学特征进行了研究。结果表明:研究区大部分土壤镉含量超标,且高出其母质长江冲积土中镉含量的5倍;处于工业区下风方向的土壤镉含量最高,达到2.84mg/kg,显著高于其他方向土壤中的含量;街道尘埃中的镉含量均值达7.64mg/kg,高于国内外许多发达名城;土壤和街道尘埃中镉均以地球化学活性态为主,具有显著的潜在生态危害性;环境介质中的镉对不同类型蔬菜的影响程度不同:小白菜>茄子>豇豆,但是,除了小白菜个别样点超标以外,大部分均未超标。然而,小白菜可食部分镉含量与土壤弱酸提取态的镉含量呈现显著的相关性。Cd concentration in agricultural soils,street dust and vegetable samples arounding the heavy industrial area of Wugang Steel Group in Wuhan city,China,were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometor（AAS）.It is showed that Cd concentration of most soil samples in the studied area were higher than the Chinese limit level,and were about 5times higher than Cd concentration of diluvial soils from the Yangtze River,which was the parent materials of the soils.Cd concentration in soil samples collected from leeward of the industrial area was up to 2.84mg/kg,which is significantly higher than that of the other parts.Cd concentration in street dust was up to 7.64mg/kg,much higher than that of many developed cities in the world,such as Hong Kong,New York and London.The chemical partition results showed that Cd in topsoil and street dust presents were mobile（60%～80%of the Cd were bound in acetic acid extractable phase,reducible phase and oxidizable phase）,suggesting a high ecological hazard potential.Different kinds of vegetables were contaminated with Cd in different extent：cabbageeggplantcowpea.Although Cd concentration in most vegetable samples did not surpassed the Chinese tolerance limit level for food,the positive relationship between the acetic acid extractable phase of Cd in soils and in esculent part of cabbages suggests the potential risk to local residents.

关 键 词：城市环境介质 重金属镉 地球化学形态 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]