新疆野杏花粉活力和柱头可授性研究  

Study on Pollen Vitality and Stigma Receptivity of Armeniaca vulgaris

作　　者：刘黎明[1] 刘萍[2] 梁凤丽[1] 许正 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]华南农业大学林学院,广东广州510642 [3]新疆伊犁州园艺技术推广总站,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2010年第4期86-89,共4页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(200704016)

摘　　要：新疆野杏Armeniaca vulgaris属于濒危保护植物.用MTT法测定了新疆野杏花粉的生活力和寿命,用开花后人工授粉法测定其柱头可授期,用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察其花粉的亚显微形态特征.结果表明：低温可有效延长新疆野杏的花粉寿命,常温储藏时其花粉寿命为40~50 d,4℃低温储藏时花粉寿命可达90~105 d.柱头在开花后9 h内授粉坐果率都在40%以上,之后授粉坐果率降低.新疆野杏的花粉形态为超长球形,赤道面观为长椭圆形,极面观为三裂圆形,具3孔沟,花粉外壁纹饰呈条纹状,条纹间有穿孔.Armeniaca vulgaris is an endangered plant species.Pollen vitality and life-span of A.vulgaris was evaluated by MTT test.Stigma receptivity was estimated by artificial pollination after blooming and the pollen submicroscopic morphology was observed with scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The results showed as follows：Pollen vitality could be kept for 40-50 d at room temperature,low temperature（4 ℃） could prolong pollen vitality and pollen could be stored for 90-105 d under such condition.The stigma had the higher receptivity within 9 h after blooming.Fruit setting rate after artificial pollination was higher than 40% during this period.The pollen morphology of A.vulgaris was elliptical.

关 键 词：新疆野杏 花粉 花粉活力 柱头 柱头可授性 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S580.352[农业科学—作物学]