城市应急避难场所层次布局研究(Ⅱ)——三级层次选址模型  

Study on hierarchical location of urban emergency shelters(Ⅱ): three-hierarchical location models

作　　者：陈志芬[1,2] 李强[3] 陈晋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京清华城市规划设计研究院,北京100084 [3]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2010年第5期13-19,共7页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：科技部"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAK01A07;2006BAJ10B03);中国科学院资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室开放基金(A0602)

摘　　要：分析应急避难场所层次选址的目标因素:建设成本和避难效果,提出总的移动距离最短和建设成本最小两类选址目标,立足城市发展程度差异和现状应急避难场所建设情况分析,将应急避难场所选址类型分为规划性选址、老城新选址、补充性选址三种。依据应急避难场所的三级层次划分,以及单一流、嵌套、空间非匹配的层次特点,分别建立了应急避难场所的规划性选址、老城新选址、补充性选址共8个三级层次选址模型,并通过模拟实验对模型的效果进行了检验。Because the objective factors of hierarchical location of emergency shelters are constructing cost and evacuation effect,this paper presents two location objectives as either minimizing total evacuation distance or minimizing the construction cost.Considering the three hierarchy with the characteristics of single flow,nested,spatial no-coherency,eight models for hierarchical emergency shelter layout are developed for different city types including emergency shelter layout in a new city,emergency shelter layout in a mature city without emergency shelter and supplement layout in a mature city with inadequate emergency shelter.Finally,the models are validated by simulation data.

关 键 词：应急避难场所 选址因素 层次选址模型 

分 类 号：X9[环境科学与工程—安全科学]