首都医科大学公共卫生与家庭医学学院本科生心理负荷调查  

Investigation on Psychological Burden of Undergraduates in School of Public Health & Family Medicine Capital Medical University

作　　者：李震[1,2] 杨琳[1] 张漫[1] 朱永基[1] 梁婧[1,3] 霍达[4] 吴巍[4] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生与家庭医学学院 [2]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治所 [3]首都医科大学神经生物学系北京神经科学研究所 [4]首都医科大学公共卫生与家庭医学学院流行病与卫生统计学系

出　　处：《首都医科大学学报》2010年第5期633-637,共5页Journal of Capital Medical University

摘　　要：目的调查首都医科大学公共卫生与家庭医学学院本科生的心理状况,提出控制大学生心理负荷的措施,减少不良事件的发生。方法在其他文献和调查的基础上,自行编制大学生心理压力调查问卷,设定了几个不同程度的心理负荷分级,如无压力、有些压力、压力较大及压力极大。在公卫学院全体本科生中采用无记名自填式问卷调查(共调查205人,调查率83.7%,回收率91.1%),主要运用2χ检验、秩和检验及相关性分析的方法进行统计分析。结果在被调查人群中,8.8%的人没有压力,65.4%的人有些压力,19.0%的人压力很大,4.8%的人感到压力极大。学习和就业负担是压力的主要来源;面对压力,寻求帮助的对象依次为朋友(39.5%)、家人(20.5%)及自我解脱(20%);应对压力,学生主要用转移和自然调整的方式。结论公共卫生与家庭医学学院本科生面临正常压力水平。但仍需通过各种形式的活动,加强对学生心理上的辅导,使学生能够轻松地度过大学时光、减少负性事件的发生。Objective To investigate the psychological status of undergraduates in School of Public Health and Family Medicine,Capital Medical University and to take measures to lower the psychological burdens and reduce the negative outcomes.Methods Based on relevant literatures and investigations,a self-designed questionnaire was used to survey all 205 undergraduates（The investigating rate was 83.7%,the collecting rate is 91.1%）.The questionnaire was answered by students at spare time in the anonymous,self-administered way.Their psychological burden was leveled as none,little,strong,and extreme.The Data were analyzed by Chi-square test,Wilcoxon signed rank test and correlation analysis.Results Among all the objects,8.8% of students felt no pressure,65.4% felt a little,19.0% felt more and 4.8% felt too high a pressure.The data showed that pressure from academic achievement and job searching was the most common sources referred to.Facing the pressure,39.5% and 20.5% of students treated it by talking with friends and family members respectively,and 20% chose to manage it by themselves.In response to the pressures,most students prefer defocusing or self-adjustment.Conclusion The level of pressure in the undergraduates is normal.But various activities and psychological education are still needed for students to make their school life smooth.

关 键 词：压力 心理负荷 本科生 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]