我国医疗机构急诊中毒调查分析  

Survey on poisoning cases in emergency department of general hospital in China

作　　者：谢立璟[1] 张宏顺[1] 孟聪申[1] 张寿林[1] 周静[1] 蒋绍峰[1] 王明良[1] 孙承业[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2010年第5期357-359,374,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：科技部国家科研院所社会公益研究专项中毒事件预警;应急和控制技术研究(2004DIB1J037)

摘　　要：目的了解我国急性中毒发病状况、常见中毒毒物类别、主要中毒原因等现状。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方式对6省86家医疗机构急诊科2005年度所有中毒病例进行回顾性调查。结果 86家医疗机构共报告中毒病例25 760例,病死率为0.90%;中毒病例发病季节高峰在1、2月份;中毒病例主要集中在20~50岁人群;急性中毒的毒物以常见化学物居首位,其中主要为乙醇、CO中毒,其次是药物、农药;滥用、意外事故是最常见的急性中毒原因。结论我国急性中毒危害严重,建立以医院急诊科为基础的中毒个案监测系统以及加强全国中毒控制工作有其紧迫性、必要性。Objective To understand the morbility,common poisons category and chief causes of the acute poisoning occurred in China.Methods All the registered acute poisoning cases of emergency departments of general hospitals in six provinces were selected by a multi-stage stratified sampling in 2005.Results The total cases collected were 25 760,the mortality was 0.90% among them,most cases occurred in January and February and were 20 to 50-year-old people.The most common toxicants were general chemicals,such as ethanol and carbon monoxide,then the drugs and pesticides.Abuse and accident were the most common causes of inducing poisoning.Conclusion Acute poisoning is still a serious problem in China,suggesting that it is not only necessary but also quite urgent to develop a poisoning case-surveillance system depending on the emergency departments of general hospital for enforcing poisoning control.

关 键 词：急诊科 急性中毒 中毒控制 

分 类 号：R595[医药卫生—内科学]