高压直流换流站电容器的振动与噪声特性  

Vibration and Noise Characteristics for Capacitor in HVDC Converter Station

作　　者：曹涛[1] 汲胜昌[1] 吴鹏[1] 李彦明[1] 黎小林 李岩 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]南方电网技术研究中心,广州510623

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2010年第10期87-93,100,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50907046);国家科技支撑计划支持项目(2006baa02123)

摘　　要：电容器装置是换流站中噪声来源的主要设备之一,开展其振动与噪声特性的研究对电容器装置噪声的治理和抑制具有指导意义。本文从电容器内部结构分析了其静电力的产生,介绍了电容器振动及噪声产生的机理。基于半消声室内建立的试验系统测量了不同频率和电流下的表面振动加速度信号和噪声水平。试验结果表明,底面的振动加速度信号为其侧面的4～6倍,噪声声压级高出约10dB(A);振动加速度信号与电流幅值的平方成正比,噪声声压级水平与电流幅值取对数成系数为40的正比关系;由于电容器表面固有特性的影响,电源频率的变化会引起振动模态和声辐射模态的差异,使得其振动与噪声规律较复杂;电流为多次谐波叠加时,噪声频谱中会出现频率分量增加的现象,且辐射效率较高。The capacitor installation is one of main noise source at converter station,so it has guiding significance to study the characteristics of its vibration and radiation noise for noise governance and reduction of capacitor installation.First,the generation of electrostatic force is introduced based on the analysis of internal structure of capacitor,and then the generation mechanism of capacitor vibration and noise is described.The vibration acceleration signal and radiation sound pressure level of the capacitor are measured respectively by the experiment system which is established in hemi-anechoic room.Experimental results show that vibration acceleration signal at bottom surface is 4～6 times higher than other surfaces and sound pressure level difference is about 10dB（A）;vibration acceleration signal and sound pressure level are directly proportional to the square and logarithm of current amplitude,and the latter constant is 40.Due to the influence of capacitor nature vibration characteristic,the noise ration mode and vibration mode would be changed with the changing of current frequency which would lead the law of vibration and noise more complicated.The new frequency components will be created in the noise spectrum when several different harmonic currents are flowing into capacitors and its radiation efficiency is high.

关 键 词：电容器 振动 噪声 振动加速度 A计权声压级 

分 类 号：TM531.5[电气工程—电器]