拔牙窝放置明胶海绵对骨愈合的影响  

Gelatin sponge implant for alveolar healing after teeth extraction

作　　者：徐普[1] 毛小泉[1] 黄谢山[1] 李晓敏[1] 杨玄[1] 洪瑞娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院口腔中心.海南省口腔医学中心,海南海口570208

出　　处：《海南医学院学报》2010年第10期1279-1282,共4页Journal of Hainan Medical University

基　　金：海南省2008年度重点科技计划(080217)~~

摘　　要：目的:研究动物实验种植手术前的牙槽嵴准备方法,了解明胶海绵在动物实验中对拔牙窝愈合的影响。方法:取beagle犬5只,体重11～15 kg。涡轮机辅助拔除双侧下颌第四前磨牙(PM4)。采用自身对照,实验侧牙槽窝放置明胶海绵,对照侧牙槽窝单纯压迫止血。术后观察牙槽窝愈合情况,并在术前,手术当天,6周及12周时拍摄下颌PM4的X线根尖片,观察骨密度与纹理。结果:涡轮机辅助拔除beagle犬下颌PM4,手术过程顺利,拔除牙根完整,无残根滞留,牙槽骨无明显损伤。实验侧创口大约1 min内止血,对照侧大约需压迫5～10 min,方见血凝块形成将创口封闭。拔牙后6周,双侧X线片显示拔牙窝与周围正常牙槽骨界限基本消失,骨密度增高,骨纹理出现。12周时,骨密度与周围正常牙槽骨基本一致,骨纹理排列较整齐。结论:涡轮机辅助利于beagle犬下颌PM4的拔除;明胶海绵可以保护拔牙窝,有一定局部止血作用,有利于拔牙窝的早期愈合,对拔牙窝牙槽骨愈合没有影响。Objective： To explore preoperative alveolar preparation method in animal models and to investigate the gelatin sponge implant for alveolar healing after teeth removal.Methods： Bilateral mandibular 4th premolars（PM4） in 5 beagle dogs（11-15 kg） were removed with the help of the turbine.One alveolar was filled with gelatin sponge while the other was simply dealt with hemostasis.Self-controlled comparison of the alveolar healing process was done.X-ray of each PM4 root was filmed to observe its bone density and texture before the surgery,the day of extraction,6 weeks and 12 weeks after the surgery.Results： PM4 removal was complete and successful in all dogs,with no residue or injury left.Bleeding was stopped within 1 minute after sponge implant,while this process took 5-10 min for the corresponding side.Six weeks after surgery,the X-ray films showed increase of bone density,presence of texture as well as disappearance of boundary to the health alveolar,12 weeks after the surgery,the alveolar grew to be consistent with the surrounding health alveolar.Conclusion： Auxiliary turbine is helpful for mandibular PM4 removal;gelatin sponge can protect alveolar after teeth removal without inhibiting the healing process.

关 键 词：拔牙 明胶海绵 牙槽骨 愈合 

分 类 号：R782.11[医药卫生—口腔医学]