基于生命周期的循环农业系统评价  

Integrated Evaluation of Circular Agriculture System:a Life Cycle Perspective

作　　者：梁龙[1,2] 陈源泉[1] 高旺盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学循环农业研究中心,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学-美国加利福尼亚大学(河滨)国际生态与可持续发展研究中心,北京100193

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第11期2795-2803,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B01;2006BAD02A15;2006BAD17B05);国际科技合作项目(2009DFA91790)

摘　　要：针对"循环经济系统是低碳经济的实现途径之一"的观点,在国内外研究的基础上,改进LCA模型,以湖南某典型的循环鸭业产业进行实证研究.整个鸭产业生命周期中耗用的不可再生资源、土地、水资源分别为48.629MJ、2.36m2和1321.41kg,潜在的温室气体、环境酸化、富营养化、人体毒性、水体毒性、土壤毒性分别为11543.26g(CO2eq)、52.36g(SO2eq)、25.83g(PO4eq)、1.26、60.74、24.65g(1,4-DCBeq),加权评估后,富营养化、水体毒性、土壤毒性潜在威胁均高于温室气体.结果表明,建立在传统生产模式上的循环农业适宜"适度循环";循环农业不能盲目追求低碳发展,在降低碳排放的同时还须考虑土壤和生物固碳,才能全面评价碳排放问题;循环经济和循环农业在评估碳排放的同时,还需对环境酸化、富营养化、生态毒性等其他生态指标进行评估,建立系统评价体系;LCA能够较好地对循环农业进行整体评价,值得进一步研究.For the point of view that recycling economy system is one of ways to achieve the low-carbon economy,we have made an evaluation on a typical circular agriculture duck industry in Hunan Province,China,through improving the framework of life cycle assessment（LCA）.The analysis indicated that the consumption of non-renewable resources,land and water were 48.629 MJ,2.36 m2 and 1 321.41 kg,while the potential greenhouse gas（GHGs）,acidification,eutrophication,human toxicity,freshwater ecotoxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity were 11 543.26 g（CO2 eq）,52.36g（SO2 eq）,25.83g（PO4 eq）,1.26,60.74 and 24.65 g（1,4-DCBeq）,respectively.The potential damage of aquatic eutrophication,freshwater ecotoxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity was more serious than that of GHGs.Main results were following：i.the circular agricultural chain promoted the principle of＂moderate circulation＂,which based on the traditional production methods;ii.circular agriculture could not blindly pursue low carbon development.Instead,soil and biological carbon sequestration should be considered,in addition to reducing carbon emissions;iii.circular economy and circular agriculture should take other potential environmental impacts into account such as acidification,eutrophication and ecotoxicity,with the exception to carbon emissions,to developed integrated system assessment;iv.LCA could provide a comprehensive assessment of circular agriculture,and it was worth of further study.

关 键 词：循环农业 低碳经济 生态评估 生命周期评价 鸭业产业 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]