简单复垦对磷矿废弃地磷释放的影响模拟实验  

THE EFFECT OF SIMPLE RECLAMATION ACTIVITY ON PHOSPHORUS RELEASE FROM PHOSPHORITE MINED LAND

作　　者：申琳子[1,2] 冯慕华[1] 李文朝[1] 王超[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]河海大学环境科学与工程学院,南京210098

出　　处：《环境化学》2010年第6期1068-1074,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：云南省社会发展基础研究重点项目(2009CC025);自然科学基金项目(40603023);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所所长基金(0600211001)

摘　　要：针对简单复垦方式对磷矿废弃地污染物释放的影响开展研究,通过室内培养实验,比较磷矿石、废土石和对照土壤栽培烟草和玉米后污染物的释放量和土壤生物理化性质的关系.研究结果表明,根际土壤可溶性PO43-、F-和Ca2+均比非根际土壤和空白土壤显著提高(P<0.05),解磷细菌增加了1—2个数量级.矿土Ca2+的释放不受作物类型的影响,可用于指示矿物相分解程度;PO34-的释放主要受土壤Al-P组分控制;矿土F-的释放量与可溶性Ca2+和PO34-紧密相关.研究结果表明经过简单复垦,废土石的磷污染物释放量最大,磷矿石存在较高的潜在分解风险。The study used laboratory culture experiment to characterize the mechanism of element release from phosphated mined lands after simple reclamation.Tobacco and maize were cultured in the phosphorites,overburden and reference soil.The concentrations of dissolved PO43-,F-and Ca2 ＋ in tobacco and maize rhizosphere soils increased significantly（P 0.05） compared with those of nonrhizosphere soils and bulk soils.The amount of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria increased 10—100 times over that of nonrhizosphere soils.The dissolution of Ca2 ＋ was independent of plants,and was used to indicate the degree of mineral dissolution.Soil P release was likely controlled by Al-P compounds.The release of F-related closely to the dissolution of PO34-and Ca2 ＋.The results showed that the amount of released elements from overburden soil was the largest among the five soils after simple reclamation,while the phosphorites had higher potential risk of dissolution.

关 键 词：磷污染 解磷细菌 磷矿废弃地 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]