中国基层助听器验配中心基本配置方案的有效性研究  

The design and construction for local hearing aid dispensaries in China： The theory and practice

作　　者：孙喜斌[1] 韩睿[1] 刘婷婷[1] 腾白玉[1] 张芳[1] 王晓力[1] 梁巍[1] 伍丽东 于丽玫[1] 王树峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国聋儿康复研究中心,北京100029 [2]广西聋儿康复研究中心,南宁530001 [3]卫生部职业技能鉴定指导中心,北京100009

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2010年第6期16-21,共6页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：”十一五”国家科技支撑计划《聋儿认知规律与康复技术规范化的研究》（项目编号：2008BA150801）;国家社会科学基金重大项目《中国残疾预防对策研究》（项目编号：09＆ZD072）

摘　　要：目的本研究提出中国基层助听器验配中心基本设备配置、技术工作流程和人员培训方案，并通过为400名听力障碍儿童提供助听器供应服务，验证方案的有效性和可行性。方法设立北京对照组和广西实验组，对助听器验配中心基本配置和效果进行分析。①指导广西基层聋儿康复机构建设测听室并配置基本设备。②建立针对非听力学专业人员的培训课程。③建立助听器验配技术工作流程。④通过为听障儿童提供助听器验配、助听听阈测试、林氏六音识别及家长、教师助听器满意度问卷调查等听力学服务验证效果。结果①实验组5个地区的5名非听力学人员经理论与实践技能培训后均获得国家4级助听器验配师资质；②实验组4个新建助听器验配中心的测听室建设及设备配置基本能够满足工作需求；③助听器验配技术工作流程简便可行，容易掌握；④助听效果评估显示，在首次验配、验配后1个月和3个月评估达到最适及适合助听效果的听障儿童分别占总人数的93．2％、94．9％和98．2％，呈现增长趋势，卡方检验差异显著（P〈0．05）。在首次验配、验配后1个月和3个月，5m距离能够识别林氏六音的人数分别为59。4％、69．7%和73．7％，呈增长趋势（P〈0．01）。第3个月助听器效果家长和教师满意度问卷调查结果一致性分析二者均达到满意以上的占83％。结论中国基层助听器验配中心的基本配置方案总体有效并具有可行性。Objective This paper is to present a technical and logistical proposal for the setup of local hearing aid dispensaries in terms of facilities, technical procedures and personnel training in China and to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the program by providing hearing aid services for 400 hearing-impaired children. Methods The data from hearing aid fitting centers in Beijing （control group） and Guangxi（experimental group） were gathered and the outcomes were compared and analyzed. ①Relevant guidelines were provided to the grassroot rehabilitation institutions for hearing-impaired children in Guangxi to establish audiometric rooms and other necessary equipments as deemed appropriate. ②The training courses were provided to non-audiological professionals. ③The standard hearing aid fitting procedures were formulated. ④The effects of the program were validated by providing audiological services for hearing-impaired children, such as hearing aid fitting, aided hearing threshold test, Ling＇s six sound test and questionnaire survey on the satisfaction of parents and teachers. Results ①Five non-audiological professionals in experimental group acquired the National Grade IV Hearing Aid Acoustician Qualification Certificates after receiving the theoretical and practical training.②The audiometric rooms and the facilities of four newly-founded hearing aid fitting centers could meet the work demands. ③ The hearing aid fitting procedures were simple, feasible and easy to be mastered. ④The hearing aid outcomes showed that the percentages of satisfaction on hearing aid effects were 93.2%, 94.9% and 98.2% respectively, during the first fitting and 1 month and 3 months after the fitting, indicating a gradual increase （P〈0.01）; the proportions of children who were able to distinguish Ling＇s six sounds were 59.4%, 69.7% and 73.7% during the first fitting and 1 month and 3 months after the fitting, respectively（P〈0.01）; 3 months after the fitting, 83% of parents and teachers were bot

关 键 词：听障儿童 助听器 验配中心 基本配置 效果评估 

分 类 号：R764.5[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]