高精度空间加速度计及其应用  

High-precision Space-borne Accelerometer and its Applications

作　　者：白彦峥[1] 田蔚[1] 周泽兵[1] 吴书朝[1] 涂海波[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学物理学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2010年第6期601-606,共6页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(10675047)

摘　　要：高精度空间加速度计不仅可以用来测量航天器受到的非引力,例如航天器受到地球的热辐射压力、太阳辐射压力、大气阻力等,而且还可以作为惯性参考用来改善航天器的微重力水平,即对航天器进行无拖曳控制.通过对开环加速度计基本工作原理的研究,概述了高精度空间加速度计的发展趋势和现状,介绍了几种不同类型的高精度空间加速度计,重点讨论了其在地球科学和空间基础物理研究中的应用.High precision accelerometers are not only used to measure the non-gravitational forces such as thermal radiation pressure, solar radiation pressure and atmospheric drag, but also used to improve the microgravity level of the spacecraft as an inertial reference, namely to achieve the spacecraft＇s drag-free control. The basic operation principle of inertial sensor or accelerometer is introduced. The principles of several high-precision accelerometers are described, such as MEMS ac~ celerometers based on the capacitive sensor, MEMS tunneling accelerometers, the superconducting accelerometer, the electrostatic accelerometer and inertial sensors with optical position detection and feedback control. The developmental trend and applications in the fields of the geoscience and fun- damental physics of high-precision space-borne accelerometers are discussed. The main development trend is： high-precision and miniaturization MEMS accelerometers, weak stiffness and high-precision satellite-borne accelerometers and cold atom inertial sensors.

关 键 词：空间加速度计 惯性传感器 卫星重力测量 空间引力实验 

分 类 号：TH824.4[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]