基于地统计学和GIS的灌区盐渍化土壤制图及评价  

Mapping and Evaluation of Salinized Soil in an Irrigated Area Based on Geostatistics and GIS

作　　者：谷海斌[1] 张丽[1] 盛建东[1] 武红旗[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2010年第6期962-968,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技攻关计划(200633131-2);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001-3);新疆教育厅青年教师启动基金XJEDU2007S11;新疆土壤学重点学科基金

摘　　要：利用土壤质地、质地层次组合和总盐含量为指标,进行干旱区盐渍化土壤分类。结合野外调查采样,利用地理信息系统等数字土壤技术,对研究区盐渍化土壤进行制图研究,定量评价土壤质地和盐渍化状况。结果表明:研究区土壤以轻盐化(3～6g/kg)为主,面积为1535.7km2(64.7%);3种类型盐渍化土壤(全黏轻盐化土、表黏轻盐化土壤和腰黏轻盐化土壤)的总面积为1517.4km2(63.9%),土壤黏粒含量是影响盐渍化的一个重要因素。制作完成的盐渍化数字土壤图为研究区盐渍化土壤的改良及利用提供了基础数据。After analyzing the soil samples from 3 layers （ 0 -30 cm,30 -60 cm and 60 -100 cm in depth） in the study area,the data of total soil salt content and different-sized soil particles were derived. The distribution maps of soil salt content （ 0 -60 cm in depth） and different-sized soil particles （ 0 -30 cm,30 -60 cm and 60 -100 cm） were charted using GS ＋ and GIS. A spatial distribution map of soil texture groups was charted with the raster calculator function of GIS. Based on the soil properties in arid region,the soil texture and its combination as well as total salt content were selected as the classification indexes of saline soil in arid region. The saline soil classification and digital soil mapping technology were researched by integrating the logarithmic ratio data converting process,geostatistics,GIS and field investigation and soil sampling. A GIS-based map of regional digital soil clas-sification was charted to quantitatively assess the texture and conditions of saline soil in the study area. The analyzed results reveal that slightly-salinized soil was dominated in the study area,its area was 1 535. 7 km2 （ 64. 7%） ; the total area of other three saline soils （ clay slightly-salinized soil,surface slightly-salinized soil and middle clay slightly-salinized soil） was 1 517. 4 km2（ 63. 9% ）. In the study area,clay content in soil is an important factor affecting soil salinization. The basic data can be derived from the digital map of saline soil for improving soil and land use.

关 键 词：土壤制图 盐渍土 分类 改良 玛纳斯河流域 新疆 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]