中学生地震创伤后应激障碍发生情况及其影响因素分析  

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Middle School Students Exposed to the Wenchuan Earthquake:prevalence and associated factors

作　　者：曹日芳[1] 赵国秋[1] 王义强[2] 汪永光[1] 何晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省杭州市疾病预防控制中心精神卫生所,310021 [2]杭州市第七人民医院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2010年第11期1328-1329,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：浙江医药卫生科学研究基金(编号:2009A173;2009A178;2009B136);杭州市科技局项目(编号:20090833B130;20092134W25)

摘　　要：目的了解"5.12"地震后灾区中学生的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的发生率和影响因素,为青少年灾后精神卫生问题预防工作提供依据。方法采用多级整群非随机抽样方法,有效样本为来自地震灾区2个县的3所初中和1所高中的1 253名学生。采用复合性国际诊断问卷(Comprehensive International Diagnostic Interview,CIDI)中PTSD模块内容,采用一对一面谈的方式对所有调查对象进行调查,根据DSM-Ⅳ中PTSD诊断标准进行诊断,并记录一般人口学资料。结果地震后5个月,PTSD的发生率为10.21%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,进入方程有统计学意义的变量有少数民族(β=0.62,P=0.00,OR=1.86)、亲属伤亡(β=0.83,P=0.00,OR=2.29)和重度财产损失(β=0.98,P=0.02,OR=2.67),少数民族、有亲属伤亡、存在重度财产损失的个体PTSD危险性高。结论地震发生后5个月中学生中PTSD现患率高,中学生灾难特定相关精神卫生问题应引起足够重视和长期关注,灾后心理重建工作仍应继续加强。Objective To investigate the prevalence and predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder（PTSD） in the middle school students affected by Wenchuan earthquake.Methods Totally 1 253 students of 33 classes were chosen from three junior high and one senior high school of two counties suffered the earthquake directly according to multi-stage cluster non-random sampling method.All the information was collected by face-to-face interview.The interview was designed to include socio-demographic data,characteristic feature,family history of mental disorder,variables about the events and PTSD（Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder）diagnostic interview based on Comprehensive International diagnostic Interview（CIDI）.Results Five months after the earthquake,the prevalence of PTSD in the past month was 10.21%.Logistic regression indicated that the ASD diagnosis was predicted by minority（β= 0.62,P=0.00,OR=1.86）,the condition of casualties of family members（β= 0.83,P=0.00,OR=2.29）,and the condition of sharp properties loss（β= 0.98,P=0.02,OR=2.67）.ConclusionFive months after the earthquake,the prevalence of PTSD among middle school students expose the Wenchuan earthquake is quite high.Much more attention should be paid to the mental health problems in the middle school students after disasters.

关 键 词：应激障碍 创伤后 回归分析 学生 自然灾害 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.2[医药卫生—医学心理学]