超临界CO_2流体萃取土壤中污染物的应用研究进展  

Advance in supercritical CO_2 fluid extraction of contaminants from soil

作　　者：欧阳勋[1] 陈家玮[1] 张小岗[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院/地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国人民大学化学系,北京100872

出　　处：《地质通报》2010年第11期1655-1661,共7页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(编号:NCET-07-0769);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目(编号:2010ZD14);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:NSFC-40503008;20576140);地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室开放课题(编号:GPMR0943)资助

摘　　要：CO2在超临界状态下具有许多独特的物理化学性质,作为一种"绿色"溶剂,它具有无毒、无污染、易获取等优点。近年来,有关超临界CO2流体热力学相行为和溶解度性质的研究引起人们广泛的关注,与之密切相关的超临界流体萃取技术已在许多领域得到重视和发展。根据近年国内外运用超临界CO2流体对土壤中多环芳烃、多氯联苯、重金属等污染物的萃取应用,分析了温度、压力、共溶剂等因素对萃取效果的影响,通过与其他土壤修复技术的比较,展望了超临界流体萃取技术应用于土壤修复领域的可行性和研究方向。CO2 has many attractive physical and chemical properties under supercritical state,and it is considered as a kind of ＂green＂ solvent for its non-toxicity,clean and easy obtained.In recent years,studies related to phase behavior and materials solubility in supercritical CO2 （SC-CO2） have been paid more attention widely.A relative developing technology of supercritical fluid extraction （SFE） draws great attention in many fields.This paper reviews broad studies using SC-CO2 to remove contaminants such as PAHs,PCBs and heavy metals from soil.According to the efficiency of SFE,the factors including temperature,pressure and cosolvent were discussed.The authors finally pointed out the advantages and drawbacks of SFE while comparing with other soil remediation approach,and also discussed the prospect of SFE and feasible application in soil remediation in the future.

关 键 词：超临界流体萃取 超临界CO2 影响因素 土壤修复 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]