彩色梯度相移与格雷码相结合的三维测量方法  

Three dimensional measurement method combining color trapezoidal phase-shifting with color gray code

作　　者：单鹂娜[1] 于晓洋[1] 于双[1] 吴海滨[1] 陈德运[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学测控技术与仪器黑龙江省高校重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2010年第11期2497-2504,共8页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.60572030);哈尔滨市重点科技攻关项目(No.2005AA1CG152);哈尔滨理工大学优秀学科带头人资助项目

摘　　要：为了实现高分辨率快速非接触式三维测量,将彩色梯度相移法与格雷码相结合,提出了三维测量算法。将一幅彩色梯形三步相移图案和两幅彩色格雷码图案相结合,对测量空间进行编解码;通过两幅彩色格雷码图案将测量空间可靠地分成64个子空间,通过一幅重复彩色梯形三步相移图案将每个子空间分成6个区域,每个区域再通过强度比细分到像素级。给出了编码图案和解码公式,组建了彩色结构光三维测量系统,并分别采用彩色梯形相移法和本文提出的方法对深度为700～950nm的平面进行了仿真和实际测量。理论分析、仿真与实际测量结果表明,得到的测量平均误差<0.9mm,测量标准差<1.2mm。最后,采用本文方法对石膏和人体进行了测量实验,结果显示该方法具有抗干扰能力强、运算速度快的优点。By combining the color trapezoidal phase-shifting with the Gray code, a color structured light three-dimensional measurement method was presented to achieve a fast high-resolution non-contact 3D measurement. In the measurement, the measured space was encoded and decoded by combining a color trapezoidal three-step phase-shifting pattern with two color gray code patterns. The measured space was divided into 64 sub-spaces by two color gray code patterns. Then, the each sub-space was divided into 6 regions by a repeat color trapezoidal three-step phase-shifting pattern, and each region was subdivided into the pixel through the intensity ratio. The encoding patterns and the decoding formulas were provided, and the color structured-light three-dimensional measurement system was set up. Furthermore,the planes with the deepth of 700-950 mm were measured by the proposed method and a color trapezoidal phase-shifting method, respectively. The theoretical analysis, simulation and actual measurement results indicate that the measurement average error of planes is less than 0.9 mm and the measurement standard deviation is less than 1.2 mm. Finally the proposed method was also used in measuring the plaster face and a real hand,and the results show that this method has advanta ges in a strong anti-interference ability and fast computing speed.

关 键 词：彩色梯形相移 格雷码 强度比 三维测量 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TB92[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]