切削SiC增强铝基复合材料时刀具的磨损形态及机理  

Tool wear appearance and mechanism when cutting SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composites

作　　者：王大镇[1] 冯培锋[1] 李波[1] 刘华明[2] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学机械工程学院,厦门361021 [2]哈尔滨工业大学机电学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2010年第11期1184-1189,共6页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：863计划(2006AA050203);福建省自然科学基金(E0640012)资助项目

摘　　要：为研究切削SiC增强铝基复合材料时刀具的磨损形态和机理,采用硬质合金和聚晶金刚石(PCD)刀具进行了各切削工况下的切削试验。用爆炸式快速落刀装置获取切屑根,研究了前刀面的磨损部位。借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM),检测分析了前、后刀面的磨损形态和成分组成,并进一步研究了磨损机理。结果表明:切削刀具的主要磨损部位发生在后刀面,磨损机理是磨料磨损;前刀面临近刃口区域首先产生由SiC增强相引起的磨料磨损,该区域随后由机械镶嵌生成积屑瘤,积屑瘤脱落后导致产生黏结磨损。黏结磨损的程度较轻,没有形成月牙洼型。前刀面离刃口稍远的区域(积屑瘤尾部后面)会同时产生由切屑底层SiC增强相引起的再次磨料磨损,磨料磨损的主要机理是'微切削'。For the wear appearance and mechanism of tools used in the tuming of SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composites, a series of turning tests were performed by using carbide tools and polycrystalline diamond （PCD） tools. The root of the chip was obtained using a quick-stop cutting device for the study of the wear on the rake face of the tools. The wear appearance and its chemical composition on the rake face and the flank face of the tools were examined using a scanning electron microscope （SEM） and an atom force microscope （AFM） for the study of wear mechanism. The results indicated that the main wear area was on the flank face of the tools and the wear mechanism was abrasive wear. Abrasive wear was first caused by SiC reinforcements near the cutting edge on the rake face of the tools, the buih-up edge was produced subsequently by mechanical enchasing at the same region, and the falling off of the built-up edge resulted in felted wear. Since the fehed wear was light, crater wear was not formed. Secondary abrasive wear was caused simultaneously by SiC reinforcements of the bottom of the chip at the region not far from the cutting edge on the rake face of the tools （that is, behind the back of the chip）. The main mechanism of abrasive wear is micro-cutting.

关 键 词：SiC增强相 铝基复合材料 刀具磨损 磨料磨损 微切削 

分 类 号：TG501.3[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]