短时间高温处理下桃树活性氧代谢与桃芽自然休眠解除的关系  

Relationships between reactive oxygen metabolism and endodormancy release of peach bud under short-term heating

作　　者：王孝娣[1,2] 王海波[1,2] 高东升[3] 李疆[4] 王宝亮[1,2] 刘凤之[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部果树种质资源重点开放实验室,辽宁兴城125100 [2]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100 [3]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [4]新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第11期2749-2754,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD07B06);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(102060302-7)资助

摘　　要：以6年生曙光油桃为试验材料,研究40℃、45℃、50℃3个梯度高温短时间处理对桃树花芽和叶芽存活率、萌芽级数、活性氧含量及其相关酶活性的影响,探讨短时间高温处理对桃芽自然休眠解除的调控效应.结果表明:随着短时间高温处理时期的延后以及处理温度的升高和处理持续时间的延长,高温处理对桃芽自然休眠的解除作用增强.11月30日处理中,40℃处理对桃芽自然休眠的解除具有负调控效应,其萌芽级数、·OH和O2·-产生速率、H2O2含量、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均低于对照,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性高于对照;45℃和50℃处理对桃芽自然休眠的解除呈正调控效应,其萌芽级数、·OH和O2·-产生速率、H2O2含量及POD、CAT活性与对照相比明显升高,而SOD活性显著降低.12月10日处理中,40℃处理对桃芽自然休眠解除的调控效应不明显,45℃和50℃处理与11月30日处理相同,但前者对桃芽自然休眠的调控效果优于后者.相关分析表明,活性氧的迅速增加可能是高温解除桃芽自然休眠的原因.Taking the 6-year old peach＂Shuguang＂as test object,this paper studied the effects of short-term heating at 40 ℃,45 ℃,and 50 ℃ on the bud livability,bud burst,reactive oxygen content,and activities of related enzymes in peach bud,aimed to investigate the regulation effect of short-term heating on the endodormancy release of peach bud.The results indicated that the effects of short-tern heating on the endodormancy release of peach bud were advanced by the postponement of treatment date,the increase of treatment temperature,and the prolonging of treatment time.On November 30,the regulation effect of heating at 40 ℃ was negative.Comparing with those under no-heating（CK）,the date of endodormancy release was postponed,the bud burst,the O2 ·-and ·OH production rates,the H2O2 content,and the activities of CAT and POD were lowered,and the SOD activity was improved.It was adverse under heating at 45 ℃ and 50 ℃.On December 10,heating at 40 ℃ nearly had no obvious effect on the endodormancy release,while heating at 45 ℃ and 50 ℃ had the same effect as that on November 30,with the former being more superior to the latter.Correlation analysis indicated that the rapid increase of reactive oxygen might be the critical reason for the endodormancy release of peach bud.

关 键 词：短时间高温 自然休眠 活性氧代谢 桃芽 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]