高含盐难降解化工污水混合菌群培养驯化方法  

Culture and acclimation of mixed bacteria for industrial hypersaline wastewater treatment

作　　者：林海[1] 于昕蕾[1] 董颖博[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学环境工程系,北京100083

出　　处：《化工学报》2010年第12期3272-3278,共7页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家'十一五'科技支撑计划重大资助项目(2006BAC19B01)~~

摘　　要：以提高菌种降解性能和耐盐性能为目的,系统研究了高含盐难降解化工污水混合菌群的不同培养驯化方法。菌群适应难降解物质驯化实验表明,如果以CODCr去除率最高为目标,应选择异步培养驯化法,其CODCr去除率为72.0%,远远高于同步培养驯化法;如果以培养驯化药剂成本最低为目标,应选择同步培养驯化法中的CODCr负荷提升法,药剂成本仅为5.78CNY.(t水)-1;如果以驯化时间最短为目标,应选择同步培养驯化法中高CODCr负荷法,其驯化时间最短,为17d。菌群耐高盐驯化实验表明,NaCl浓度从50g.L-1以2g.L-1的梯度增加到60g.L-1,经过20d驯化,混合菌群完全适应了NaCl为60g.L-1的高盐环境,同时CODCr去除率略有提高。扫描电镜观察耐盐驯化前后细菌形态的变化,结果表明,驯化前,混合菌群主要由短杆菌、球状菌组成,细胞大小均一,表面光滑;驯化后混合菌群主要由长杆菌组成,细胞表面粗糙,并且出现大量分泌物,分泌物为混合菌群适应高盐环境的结果。The culture and acclimation of mixed bacteria were studied systematically,including refractory and salt-tolerant acclimation,for hypersaline polluted water from chemical factories which is degradated hardly.The results show that during refractory acclimation,if CODCr removal rate is as a primary factor,asynchronous domestication should be selected because of its CODCr removal rate 72.0%,much higher than that of synchro one.If reagent cost is as a leading factor,the method of rising CODCr load is the best choice,whose agentia cost is only 5.78 CNY.（t water）-1.The method of high CODCr load is characterized by the shortest domestication time of 17 d.Concentration of sodium chloride increases from 50 g.L-1 to 60 g.L-1 by 2 g.L-1,the mixed bacteria adapted hypersaline condition of 60 g.L-1 NaCl after domestication of 20 d,and CODCr removal rate increases slightly,by about 1%.The change of bacteria morphology before and after acclimation,observed by SEM,indicates that the mixed bacteria before domestication is uniform size and surface smooth,and mainly consists of cocci and short bacilli;while that after acclimation is surface rough,mainly consists of long bacilli and contains a lot of secretion,which is a result of acclimatizing themselves to hypersaline environment.

关 键 词：高含盐 难降解 化工污水 菌种驯化 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]