高效节能的无线传感器网络覆盖保持协议  

Energy Efficient Coverage Conserving Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

作　　者：王换招[1] 孟凡治[1] 李增智[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学计算机科学与技术系,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《软件学报》2010年第12期3124-3137,共14页Journal of Software

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金No.SJ08ZT15-4~~

摘　　要：分析了实际环境中随机部署传感器网络的感知特性,给出了节点感知半径服从正态分布的无须地理位置信息的节点冗余度计算模型,以及保证网络覆盖质量所需要的最少工作节点数的计算模型.在此模型的基础上,提出了高效节能的无线传感器网络覆盖保持协议(energy efficient coverage conserving protocol,简称EECCP),实现了均衡节点能量消耗的分布式协作调度.该协议保留最少的工作节点以保证要求的覆盖质量,从而达到节约网络能量的目的.仿真实验结果表明,EECCP不仅能够保证要求的覆盖质量,而且能够减少网络能量消耗,有效地延长了网络的有效寿命.In this paper, the sensing characteristics of randomly deployed sensor networks in the real environment are analyzed. The calculation model of the degree of redundancy of the sensors whose sensing ranges satisfy the normal distribution without location information is proposed, and the calculation model of the minimum number of working nodes, which can provide the desired quality of coverage （QoC）, is also proposed. Based on the models, an Energy Efficient Coverage Conserving Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks （EECCP） is presented, which enables the collaborative scheduling of distributed nodes and balances the energy consumption of each node. The purpose of energy conservation of the networks is achieved since the EECCP maintains the least number of nodes, as working nodes to provide the desired QoC. Simulation results show that the EECCP not only provides the desired QoC, but also reduces network energy consumption and prolongs network useful lifetime effectively.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 覆盖质量 冗余度 节点调度 节能 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]