情绪加工的性别差异及神经机制  

Gender Differences in Emotional Processing and Its Neural Mechanisms

作　　者：袁加锦[1] 汪宇[1] 鞠恩霞[1] 李红[1] 

机构地区：[1]认知与人格教育部重点实验室(西南大学)西南大学心理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2010年第12期1899-1908,共10页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC30970897)

摘　　要：已有研究表明,情绪加工存在显著性别差异。这主要表现为女性人群具有情绪识别优势,更好的情绪记忆能力与更强的负性情绪易感性。此外,情绪加工的性别差异也表现为情绪调节过程的不同:相比男性,女性更善于抑制情绪行为,却较难通过认知策略调节负性情绪。情绪加工的性别差异有重要生理基础,与情绪脑结构,荷尔蒙水平的男女差异有关。同时,情绪加工的性别差异同女性更高的情绪障碍易感性有着密切联系:不善于调节负性情绪,及更强的消极情绪易感性可能是女性更易患情绪障碍的重要原因。从情绪加工角度探讨情绪障碍的性别差异及其原因,对于情绪障碍的预防和治疗具有重要意义。Considerable studies reported gender differences in emotional processing,which was mainly manifested by the female advantage in emotion recognition and emotional memory,and by the increased susceptibility of women to negative emotions.Moreover,gender differences in emotional processing are also embodied by differences in emotion regulation.Despite better performance in response inhibition,females are worse than males in regulating unpleasant emotions using cognitive strategies.In addition,emotion regulation in women is characterized by emotional focused strategies,while that in men is characterized by cognitive-focused strategies.Gender differences in emotional processing have important biological bases,such as differences in emotion-related brain structures and in hormonal level variations across genders.The gender differences in emotional processing are associated with the gender-related prevalence of affective disturbances.Enhanced susceptibility to negative emotions and reduced competence in unpleasant emotion regulation may be important mechanisms underlying the females＇ prevalence in affective disorders.Thus,investigating gender-related prevalence of affective disorders from the perspective of the gender impact on emotion processing,is of particular significance to the precaution and treatment of affective disturbances

关 键 词：情绪加工 性别差异 神经机制 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] B845[哲学宗教—心理学]