下肢浅静脉穿刺的应用解剖观测  

Applied anatomy for inferior limb superficial vein puncture

作　　者：邓兆宏[1] 李文春[1] 陈家强[1] 王金勇[1] 郭国荣[1] 唐杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]郧阳医学院解剖学教研室,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2010年第2期168-172,178,共6页China Journal of Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的观测下肢的浅静脉,为临床应用提供局部解剖学资料。方法对30具成人尸体下肢静脉进行解剖和观测。结果大隐静脉长度:左侧(72.07±1.00)mm,右侧(71.08±1.13)mm。小隐静脉长度:左侧(39.23±0.48)mm,右侧(40.50±0.76)mm。大隐静脉,小隐静脉与隐神经和腓肠神经之间的关系。在膝部隐神经位于静脉的后方,左侧占(36.67±8.82)%,右侧占(43.33±9.04)%。小隐静脉行于腓肠神经内侧者占(63.33±8.82)%,跨过神经者占(30.00±8.37)%,紧贴神经表面占(10.00±5.48)%。另外,对大、小隐静脉的外径和属支情况也进行了测量和研究。结论为在足背静脉网处作逆行穿刺、置管、穿刺选择血管、在静脉手术时预防神经损伤等提供了局部解剖学资料。【Objective】To provide regional anatomical basis for clinical application through surveying superficial veins of inferior limbs.【Methods】Superficial veins of inferior limbs were dissected in 30 adult specimens.【Results】The length of great saphenous veins on the left side was（72.07±1.00） mm,that on the right side was（71.08±1.13） mm.The length of small saphenous veins on the left side was（39.23±0.48） mm,that on the right side was（40.50±0.76） mm.The relationships between the great and small saphenous veins and the saphenous nerve and sural nerve were as follows：Saphenous nerve at the knee was located at the rear of the vein,（36.67±8.82） % was on the left side,（43.33±9.04） % was on the right side.Small saphenous veins lines located at the medial side of sural nerve accounted for（63.33±8.82） %,those across the side of nerve were（30.00±8.37） % and those close to the surface of the nerve accounted for（10.00±5.48） %.In addition the diameters and branches of both large and small saphenous veins were also measured.【Conclusion】This study provides regional anatomical data for retrograde puncture,catheterization,selection of blood vessel for puncture and prevention of nerve injury in dorsal venous rete of foot.

关 键 词：下肢浅静脉 毗邻结构 临床应用 

分 类 号：R322.132[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]