从小尺度探讨扎龙盐沼湿地的持水性特征  

Water conservation function in Zhalong saline wetland at local scale

作　　者：王文锋 罗金明[2] 王永洁[2] 高忠彦 逄世良 

机构地区：[1]扎龙国家级自然保护区管理局,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161002 [2]齐齐哈尔大学理学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期71-75,共5页Journal of Qiqihar University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871259);齐齐哈尔市科委项目(SHFZ-D9009)

摘　　要：通过野外定位观测和室内分析,探讨了冻融季节扎龙湿地的物质迁移和转变规律。结果表明:季节性冻融对扎龙湿地的演化有着明显的影响。扎龙湿地在小尺度内常表现为盐化沼泽土-碱化草甸土-浅位柱状碱土-白盖苏打碱土-风沙土的微域格局。芦苇沼泽孔隙度高达62%,这有利于湿地保持水分和盐沼湿地的形成。碱土和草甸土富含粘粒和粉砂对土壤含水率起限制作用,如草甸土和碱土表层(0～30 cm)的饱和含水率仅为38%和28%。季节性冻融导致扎龙湿地土壤表层的持水量有显著的增加。盐沼湿地冻融前后的含水率从200%增加到260%(达过饱和状态),但是碱土和草甸土的含水率增加不明显。Based on in-situ observation and laboratory analysis,the mechanism of water conservation in salt marsh of Zhalong wetland was explored.Results show that within the study plot,1500 m in distance,but varying only 60 cm in altitude,existed four types of soils,i.e.reed marsh,sodic meadow soil,shallow columnar sodic alkali soil,white crust sodic alkali soil.High content total porosity with amounts to 62% in surface horizon in marsh would help to water conservation and wetland formation.In contrast,large rate of silt or clay in texture in alkali soil and meadow soil constrain the water content in topsoil,i.e.the saturated water content 0～30 cm horizon of meadow soil and alkali soil were merely 38% and 28%.Seasonal freeze and thaw action has obvious influence on water storage in topsoil in Zhalong wetland.Soil moisture content in the surface layer of marsh increased from 200% to 260%（over-saturated）,during freezing and thawing period,however,it did not change much in the frozen layer of meadow soil and alkali soils.

关 键 词：持水性 盐沼湿地 冻融作用 

分 类 号：P931.7[天文地球—自然地理学]