泸州老窖古酿酒作坊夏季空气真菌分布特征  

Distribution Characteristics of Airborne Fungi in Summer in Brewage Workshops of Luzhoulaojiao

作　　者：李宗珍[1,2] 张宿义[3] 许德富[3] 税梁扬[3] 刘光烨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]泸州老窖股份有限公司,泸州646000

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2010年第1期109-113,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

摘　　要：通过定点取样研究了泸州老窖古酿酒作坊群中3个代表性作坊及其周围环境夏季空气真菌的群落结构和分布特征.结果表明:(1)泸州老窖3个古作坊空气真菌平均浓度为(3.52×103±0.27×103)CFU/m3,变幅在0.94×103～7.01×103CFU/m3之间;3个作坊内外环境真菌浓度不一,营沟头作坊内平均值高于作坊外(P<0.05),什字头作坊和新街子作坊内则低于作坊外(P<0.05).(2)作坊内的真菌种类略低于作坊外.在古酿酒作坊内共检测出真菌14个类属,优势种群为曲霉属(Aspergillus)、酵母菌(Yeasts)、青霉属(Penicillum)和无孢菌(Nonsporing),芽枝霉属(Cladosporium)和短梗霉属(Aureobasidiu)分别在营沟头和什字头作坊占有优势;作坊外检测出真菌16个类属,优势种群为青霉属、无孢菌、芽枝霉属、曲霉属和短梗霉属。其中青霉属和无孢菌在3个作坊内外环境均无显著差异.(3)古酿酒作坊内、外环境的空气真菌表现出明显的交流现象.在作坊内,青霉属、芽枝霉属、链格霉属(Alternaria)等杂菌占有一定比例;而在作坊外,曲霉属、根霉属(Rhizopus)、酵母菌等酿酒功能菌浓度处于相对较高水平.The community structure and distribution of airborne fungi in and around the representative brewage workshops of Luzhoulaojiao were sampled and studied in summer.The results showed：（1） The concentration of airborne fungi in three old workshops ranged from 0.94×103 CFU/m3 to 7.01×103 CFU/m3,with the average of（3.52×103±0.27×103） CFU/m3.The fungal concentration varied significantly between the inside and outside of the three workshops（P0.05）.The average concentration of the fungi inside was found significantly larger than that outside the Yinggoutou workshop（P0.05）,but it was reversed in the Shenzitou and Xinjiezi workshops;（2） The genera of the fungi inside were slightly fewer than those outside.14 and 16 genera of fungi were identified inside and outside the workshops,respectively.The dominant fungi inside included Aspergillus,yeasts,Penicillum and nonsporing fungi,and those outside were Penicillum,nonsporing,Cladosporium,Aspergillus and Aureobasidiu.There was no significant difference for Penicillum and nonsporing between the inside and outside of the three workshops（P0.05）;（3） The airborne fungi inside and outside obviously showed exchanging phenomenon.The concentrations of useless fungi such as Penicillum,Cladosporium and Alternaria appearing inside,and usefull fungi such as Aspergillus,Rhizopus and yeasts outside were found both at relatively high levels.

关 键 词：泸州老窖 酿酒作坊 空气真菌 真菌种群分布 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]