从清代几种重要词选论东坡词的影响力  

On the Influence of Dongpo Ci Poems in the Several Selections in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：王秀珊[1] 

机构地区：[1]辅仁大学中文系

出　　处：《长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2010年第5期76-90,共15页Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology：Social Science

摘　　要：东坡词因其人的士大夫典范性与其词的特殊艺术性,在历代词评中一直是众家评论的焦点。就整体词史发展脉络而言,东坡词往往被视为词坛别格,却仍有一定的影响力。事实上,东坡词的影响性除了开启南宋豪放一派词风的成就之外,在号称词学复兴与总结的清代,另有其他面向亦值得深入探讨。就清代重要的几种词选而言,大多自有其理论主张而选词,但因为东坡其人具有士大夫典范性,其词又富有新变性,使其词作入选的原因和状况显得较为复杂,反应出东坡词对清代词学所具有的不同层面影响力。因为清代词学一派理论之生发往往是为对治前一词派在理论与创作上的弊端而来,虽然各选本所选规模与选政等皆有所不同,但纵观其论词蕲向,其中隐约存在一前后对应而互有补充的变化脉络。因为东坡其人其词的士大夫代表性和多元词风,使得选家面对东坡势必有所取舍,才能将之纳入其理论体系中。本文拟以清代具有代表性意义及相关的几种词选,对东坡词之选录状况进行比较讨论,期以微观此中所透露的词学批评意义。Dongpo Ci has been the focus of public comments in the ancient poetry criticism because of his exemplary scholar-official imagery and its special artistic characteristics.In terms of general development history of the Ci poetry,Dongpo does not slot the main stream,but exerts powerful influence.In fact,except the achievement of opening the powerful and free school of Ci style in Southern Song Dynasty,there are other aspects worth further studying regarding the influence of Dongpo Ci in Qing Dynasty,which claimed revival and summary of Ci study.Several important Ci Selections in Qing Dynasty mostly had their own theoretical ideals and preferences; however,because Su Dongpo had an exemplary scholar-official imagery and his Ci writing full of new variability,the causes and conditions of Dongpo Ci to be selected become more complex.Therefore,Dongpo Ci Poetry exerted different levels of influence on Ci study in Qing Dynasty.Because the emerge of Ci poetry study theory in Qing Dynasty is subjected to criticism of the drawbacks of theory and creation of former school,after making a general survey on the orientation of Ci comments,there is a faint development of front-back corresponding and complementing relationship,though the selected scale and policy of each selections appeared different.Selectors must make a choice to contain into his theoretical system the different aspects of the features of scholar-official imagery and multi-factor of the Dongpo style.So this paper will compare and discuss the selected condition of Dongpo Ci poetry in several representative and related selections in Qing Dynasty,hoping to discover the critical significance of Ci in a microscopic perspective.

关 键 词：清代词选 东坡影响 念奴娇 水调歌头 

分 类 号：I207.23[文学—中国文学]