运动和营养干预对超重肥胖少年身体素质影响的研究  

Study on the Effect of Exercises and Nutrition Interference on Overweight and Obese Adolescents' Constitution

作　　者：洪小勤[1] 陈华[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江商业职业技术学院,浙江杭州310053 [2]杭州电子科技大学,浙江杭州310037

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2010年第6期121-123,共3页Zhejiang Sport Science

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划课题子课题(BLA060052-01)

摘　　要：通过对83名超重肥胖男女少年实施14周（4~5次/周、90min/次、运动强度60%~70%最高心率,根据被试者的个体特征,制定不同的全面性运动锻炼内容,包括形体部分;灵巧类部分;健身部分;健心部分;放松部分）运动处方,以及饮食营养和饮食行为（超重肥胖少年对每一周食物的量、时间、种类及饥饱程度的膳食记录,根据日常活动消耗计算日消耗量,以及被试者个体特点,制定饮食营养方案。根据被试者运动量和能量消耗的分析,指导饮食营养和饮食行为整改）综合干预后,结果显示：超重肥胖少年体重、BMI指数均有下降,身体协调性、灵活性、柔韧性和耐力素质有明显提高。对超重肥胖少年采用中等强度、多种运动方式为主,结合饮食营养综合干预方案是科学的,但早期干预以减少脂肪体重,提高超重肥胖少年协调性、灵活性、柔韧性和耐力素质为主,以后逐渐增加肌肉力量和速度训练,促进其身体素质全面提高,同时,运动和营养干预应长期坚持。Through 14-week exercise prescription（4~5 times per week,90 minutes per time,exercise density at 60%~70% the highest heart beat,different exercise plans based on testers＇ personal characteristics which include figure exercises,flexibility exercises,physical exercises,mental games and relaxation activities） and comprehensive interferences in dietary nutrition and dietary behaviors（overweight and obese adolescents＇ dietary documents of food quantity,eating times,food kinds and full level）,the research showed： The weight and BMI indexes of the overweight and obese adolescents both dropped,and their body coordination,flexibility,pliability and endurance all increased remarkably.It is scientific to apply comprehensive interference to overweight and obese adolescents,which includes medium-density,multi-mode exercises combining with dietary nutrition interference.However,the early interferences focused mainly on reducing fat and increasing their body coordination,flexibility,pliability and endurance and the later interferences on gradually increasing muscular strength and speed training to promote their constitution all-roundly,and in the meanwhile a long-term exercises and nutrition interferences should be carried and persisted.

关 键 词：肥胖少年 运动处方 营养 身体素质 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]