新型固定化硝化细菌和好氧反硝化细菌处理氨氮废水  

Research of ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment using novel immobilized nitrobacteria and aerobic denitrifying bacteria

作　　者：李芳芳[1] 齐树亭[2] 石玉新[2] 吕玉珊[1] 高长虹 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学生物化工专业,天津300130 [2]河北工业大学海水高效利用化工技术教育部工程研究中心,天津300130 [3]河北业大学研究生学院,天津300130

出　　处：《生态科学》2010年第5期467-471,共5页Ecological Science

基　　金：河北省重大技术创新项目、08220502Z

摘　　要：以改性沸石、聚乙烯醇、海藻酸钠作为固定化载体材料,硼酸和氯化钙作为交联剂,采用吸附-包埋-交联法将硝化细菌和好氧反硝化细菌复合固定化制备成微生物小球.通过复合菌配比实验,考察其对氨氮的去除率以及亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的累积量;对制成的固定化小球做四因素三水平的正交实验,考察不同条件下对氨氮的去除率.结果表明,硝化细菌和好氧反硝化细菌配比为3∶2时,氨氮去除率最高达82.32%,亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的累积量为0.032 mg·L-1和0.053 mg·L-1;通过正交实验,确定沸石投加量为2 g·100mL-1、温度为30℃、pH值为7.5、振荡速度为130 r.min-1时,对氨氮达到最好的去除效果,去除率达90.31%,此法制得的小球机械性能和吸水性能良好.Nitrobacteria and aerobic denitrifying bacteria were combined and immobilized in micro-organisms ball by adsorption- embedded-cross-linking method, using modified zeolite, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate as immobilization carrier, and using boric acid and calcium chloride as crosslinking agent in this study. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, and accumulation level of nitrite and nitrate were measured under different combination ratios of bacteria. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was also determined under different conditions through the orthogonal experiment of four factors and three levels. Our results showed that ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 82.38% when the ratio of nitrobacteria and aerobic denitrifying bacteria was 3：2, and that accumulation levels of nitrite and nitrate were 0.032 mg.L1 and 0.053 mg·L-1, respectively. The highest removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reached 90.31% and occurred under the condition of zeolite dosage of 2 g.100 mL-1, temperature of 30 ℃, pH of 7.5, and shaking speed of 130 r·min-1. Furthermore, the micro-organisms ball made in our study had good mechanical properties and water absorption.

关 键 词：固定化 复合菌配比 正交实验 去除氨氮 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]