2-甲基-5-乙烯基四唑的合成与表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Methyl-5-Vinyltetrazole

作　　者：刘庆[1] 甘孝贤[1] 葛忠学[1] 汪伟[1] 韩涛[1] 栗磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2010年第5期30-32,51,共4页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：火炸药青年创新基金项目(No.HZY01100-3)

摘　　要：由3-羟基丙腈与叠氮化铵采用超声波辐射技术经1,3-偶极环化加成获得母体化合物5-羟乙基四唑;母体化合物与硫酸二甲酯经取代反应得到中间体甲基-5-羟乙基四唑,然后甲基-5-羟乙基四唑再与氯化亚砜经卤代反应得到中间体2-甲基-5-氯乙基四唑,收率为68%;2-甲基-5-氯乙基四唑在碱性条件下经消除反应生成2-甲基-5-乙烯基四唑,收率为75%。采用红外光谱、核磁共振、元素分析等对2-甲基-5-氯乙基四唑、2-甲基-5-乙烯基四唑进行了结构表征。该法具有反应收率较高且稳定、易操作等优点。Hydroxyethyltetrazole was synthesized by the 1,3-polar cycloaddition of 3-hydroxypropanenitrile and NH4N3 that produced by the reaction of NaN3 and NH4Cl using the ultrasonic technology.Methyl-5-hydroxyethyltetrazole was prepared by the reaction of 5-hydroxyethyltetrazole and Me2SO4.2-Methyl-5-chloroethyltetrazole was prepared by the halogenation of hydroxyethyltetrazole and SOCl2 and the yield was 68%,then 2-methyl-5-vinyltetrazole was obtained by the elimination of 5-chloroethyltetrazole under the condition of alkaline,and the yield was 75%.2-methyl-5-chloroethyltetrazole and 2-methyl-5-vinyltetrazole were characterized by IR,1 HNMR and elemental analysis.This method has the advantages of higher yield and simple operation.

关 键 词：有机化学 2-甲基-5-乙烯基四唑 3-羟基丙腈 硫酸二甲酯 

分 类 号：TQ333.2[化学工程—橡胶工业] TQ217