全高安全门地铁车站火灾时烟气流动特性的模型实验  

Model Experiment on Smoke Flow Characteristics in Subway Station Fire with Full-High Security Doors

作　　者：杨英霞[1] 陈超[1] 许磊[1] 康国青[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《天津大学学报》2010年第12期1060-1066,共7页Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：北京市科委博士论文资助项目(ZZ0740)

摘　　要：搭建了安装全高安全门系统的双层岛式地铁车站1∶8模型实验台,通过比例模型实验,重点研究了轨道区一端发生火灾,烟气在站台轨道区以及站台公共区的流动特性.结果表明,在火灾的增长阶段,如果机械排烟系统不开启,轨道区烟气会通过全高安全门顶端空隙扩散到站台公共区,并阻断距火源较近的楼梯口的疏散通道;当机械排烟系统开启时,烟气向站台公共区的扩散速度得到明显控制,但由于站台轨顶各排烟口排烟特性的不均匀性,远离排烟风机的火源附近,烟气通过全高安全门顶端空隙扩散到了站台公共区.如果能使各排烟口排风量均匀,则将提高控制烟气向站台公共区扩散的效果.A 1 ： 8 scale model of a double-layer-island subway station with full-high security doors was built. Through model experiments, smoke flow characteristics in track and public areas were studied when fire broke out in one end of track area. The results show that, when the fire is at the growth stage, if the mechanical extraction system stops, the smoke in track area will diffuse to the public area through the space at the top of full-high security doors and blocks the evacuation path of stairway near the fire source. When the mechanical extraction system runs, the velocity of smoke diffusing to the public area can be controlled obviously. But due to the nonuniformity of extraction characteristics of vents in the track area, the smoke in the track area will overflow to the public area through the space at the top of full-high security doors near the fire source away from the fans. If smoke flow rates of vents are uniform, smoke will be well controlled from diffusing to the public area.

关 键 词：双层岛式地铁车站 全高安全门 站台轨道区火灾 烟气流动 模型实验 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]