纳米水滑石的制备、特性及应用  

Preparation,Properties and Applications of Nano-sized Hydrotalcites

作　　者：邓欣[1] 方真[1] 张帆[1,2] 龙运多[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园昆明分部生物能源组,昆明650223 [2]湘潭大学化工学院,湘潭411105

出　　处：《材料导报（纳米与新材料专辑）》2010年第2期35-39,共5页

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划资料项目(2003AA214061);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KSCX2-YW-G-075)

摘　　要：水滑石是一种层状双羟基阴离子粘土,由金属离子与6个羟基构成的八面体共边组成,是一类具有层状结构的新型无机材料,其八面体层状结构中部分M^(2+)被M^(3+)同晶取代而使层板带正电荷,层间充填的阴离子起平衡电荷作用。此结构决定了水滑石具有碱性、层板上阳离子可调配性、层间阴离子可交换性三大特性,可作为酯交换和氧化还原催化剂以及催化剂载体,广泛应用于吸附、离子交换、合成材料、日用化工、催化、超导以及环境保护等方面。综述了纳米水滑石的特性、制备方法及应用,为实现纳米水滑石的产业化低成本生产及应用奠定了基础。Layered double hydrotalcites（LDHs） are important inorganic materials with layered structure and anion exchangeable capacity. These Mg2＋/AP3＋ （OH）6 octahedra form two dimensional sheets via edge sharing and stacked together by hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups of adjacent sheets. In LDHs, isomorphous replacement of the Mg2＋ ions with a trivalent cation Al3＋ results in a positive charge on the layers, which needs the presence of interlayer charge balancing anions. This special structure makes their cations and anions adjustable and exchangeable, and LDHs present basic. In addition to using as solid catalysts and catalyst carriers for transesterification and redox reactions, LDHs are widely used in the areas of absorption, anion exchange, material and superconductor as well as chemical and environment engineering. The preparation, properties and applications of LDHs, and their potential large-scale, industrial and low-cost production are reviewed.

关 键 词：水滑石 记忆功能 载体 共沉淀 功能材料 

分 类 号：TQ132.2[化学工程—无机化工] TQ133.1