中华蜜蜂群体内温度、湿度及CO_2浓度的变化及调节研究  

Study on the Regulation Ability of Apis cerana cerana on Temperature, Relative Humidity and CO2Concentration in Its Colony

作　　者：杨冠煌[1,2] 孙东江 肖京城[1,2] 孙庆海[1,2] 林桂莲 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 [2]中国农业科学院原子能利用研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1999年第3期96-101,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：采用可以测量瞬时温度、相对湿度及ＣＯ２浓度值的电子显示仪，对中华蜜蜂（ＡｐｉｓｃｅｒａｎａｃｅｒａｎａＦａｂ．）群体内温度、湿度及ＣＯ２浓度这３种生态因素进行测量，在施加人为干扰条件下，这些因素的变化及恢复过程。以意大利蜜蜂（ＡｐｉｓｍｅｌｉｆｅｒａｌｉｑｕｓｔｉｃａＬ．）作对照。结果表明：中华蜜蜂维持群体内温度及ＣＯ２浓度稳定性不及意大利蜜蜂，子脾间及箱内空间的相对湿度（ＲＨ）高于意大利蜜蜂１０％～１５％，ＣＯ２浓度也高于意大利蜜蜂。The authors investigated the variances of the temperature, relative humidity and CO2 concentration among brood combs in the Apis cerana cerana colony, by using the electric digital thermometer which can measure the variance rapidly on those factors. The abovementioned ecological factors in A.c.c colony were compared with those in Apis mellifera liqustica colony. The results are as followings:(1)Temperature fluctuated between 32.535.5 in A.c.c. colony when the environmental temperature variation between day and night being 16.032.0. The fluctuated range was 3.0 comparing to 1.5 of A.m.l.(2)The temperature in center of overwinter clusters A.c.c. colony fluctuated at the range of 24.528.0 and 13.015.0 at the edge of clusters. It is similar to A.m.l. colony.(3)The decrease of temperature between brood combs was larger and to longer to recover normal temperature than that of A.m.l. When took out the brood comb one minute and return to recover. (4)CO2 concentration plays an important role in judging elementary metabolism of colony, but it was hard to indicate the level of concentration in which it had always a change. CO2 concentration 438010-6490010-6 on A.c.c.;325010-6360010-6 on A.m.l.;36010-6 on Env. in reproduction season. 1325010-61370010-6 on A.c.c.; 1035010-61176110-6 on A.m.l.;49610-6 on Env. in overwinter clusters. Thus, it is concluded that A.c.c. colony was able to bear higer CO2 concentration than A.m.l. colony and stronger fluctuation than A.m.l. colony after moving objects passed in front of the colonies.

关 键 词：中华蜜蜂 蜂群 温度 湿度 CO2浓度 调节 

分 类 号：S893.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]