怒江三种裂腹鱼属鱼类种群遗传结构  

Population genetic structure of three schizothoracins from Nujiang River in Southwestern China

作　　者：岳兴建[1,2,3] 汪登强[1] 刘绍平[1] 袁希平[1] 张耀光[2] 段辛斌[1] 陈大庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业部长江中上游渔业资源环境重点野外科学观测试验站,湖北荆州434000 [2]西南大学生命科学学院,淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,重庆北碚400715 [3]内江师范学院化学与生命科学学院,四川内江614000

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第23期6418-6429,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：环境保护部项目(EPA4261);农业部长江中上游渔业资源环境重点野外科学观测试验站开放课题资助(YWTZ/1006)

摘　　要：2007年4月到2008年8月,在怒江收集116尾光唇裂腹鱼,76尾保山裂腹鱼,35尾贡山裂腹鱼,测定其线粒体cytb基因序列以评估其遗传多样性。结果显示,光唇裂腹鱼116个cytb序列中定义了9个单倍型,14个多态位点,种群平均单倍型多样性Hd=0.8399±0.0124,核苷酸多样性pi=0.0025±0.0015。保山裂腹鱼76个cytb序列中定义3个单倍型,23个多态位点,种群平均单倍型多样性Hd=0.5544±0.0449,核苷酸多样性pi=0.0080±0.0041。35尾贡山裂腹鱼样本的cytb序列中定义8个单倍型,13个多态位点,种群平均单倍型多样性Hd=0.7664±0.0556,核苷酸多样性pi=0.0017±0.0011。由于近期的环境污染、水工建设、捕捞压力等使3种鱼各自在怒江下游形成隔离的、遗传结构简单的小种群。光唇裂腹鱼和贡山裂腹鱼历史上都经历过种群扩张,近期种群萎缩。约在(1.11±0.22)MaBP,保山裂腹鱼的烂渣河和保山东河2个种群分离,因此应当做2个进化显著单元进行管理。There are four endemic schizothoracins of genus Schizothorax from Nujiang River,in southwestern China,S.nukiangensis,S.lissolabiatu,S.yunnanensis paoshanensis,and S.gongshanensis.Many factors,such as overfishing,habitat degradation and environmental change,have serious effect on their living and propagate,especially the impact from the programming thirteen dams construction at middle and lower reaches of Nujiang River.The study on the population structure and conservation status of those schizothoracins previously was lack.From April 2007 to August 2008,116 individuals of S.lissolabiatus,76 individuals of S.yunnanensis paoshanensis,35 individuals of S.gongshanensis were collected from Nujiang River（The upper Salween River）.The complete mitochondrial cytochome b gene sequences were used to evaluate their genetic diversity.The result showed that（i） nine haplotypes and 14 polymorphic sites were found among 116 individuals of S.lissolabiatus.The total haplotype diversity values,Nucleotide diversities were 0.8399 ± 0.0124,0.0025 ± 0.0015 respectively,（ii） Three haplotypes and 23 polymorphic sites were found among 76 individuals of S.yunnanensis paoshanensis.Haplotype diversity values,Nucleotide diversities were 0.5544 ± 0.0449,0.0080 ± 0.0041 respectively.（iii） eight haplotypes and 13 polymorphic sites were found among 35 individuals of S.gongshanensis.Haplotype diversity values,Nucleotide diversities were 0.7664 ± 0.0556,0.0017 ± 0.0011 respectively.Due to current environmental pollution,water conservancy,and/or severe fishery,the populations for the three schizothoracins declined and were isolated to small populations.In demographic history of S.lissolabiatus and S.gongshanensis,population had been expanded,and then population declined.The populations of Lanzha River and Dong River（Longwangtan and Beimiao Reservoir） might have been isolated 1.1Ma,and they belong to two evolutionary significant units or separated management units.

关 键 词：怒江 光唇裂腹鱼 保山裂腹鱼 贡山裂腹鱼 CYTB 遗传结构 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]