杂交晚粳常优1号机插超高产栽培的产量形成机理研究  

Study on the yield formation mechanism of ultrahigh yield culture of mechanically-transplanted late hybrid japonica rice Changyou 1

作　　者：姚月明[1] 王海候[1] 宋浩[1] 郁寅良[2] 

机构地区：[1]苏州市农业科学院,苏州215155 [2]苏州市粮食作物技术指导站,苏州215006

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2010年第4期103-108,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家科技部支撑计划(2007BAD89B12);苏州市农业重大攻关项目(ZN0703)资助

摘　　要：以杂交粳稻常优1号为材料,采用中(小)苗机插丰产栽培试验(三年多点联片成方),根据189块大田的试验资料,按Ⅰ～Ⅵ不同产量水平对其超高产形成机理进行了研究。结果表明:(1)产量构成因素以每穗粒数影响最大,各因素对产量的直接贡献为每穗粒数>有效穗数>结实率>千粒重;(2)库容大小与产量的关系紧密,达极显著水平,表现为库容越大,产量越高;(3)源强流畅在于合理调控群体生长的叶面积指数,并保证有70%以上的高效叶面积占比和较高的粒叶比,以保证生物产量和抽穗后的物质生产能力。由此提出:大穗是实现超高产的主攻方向,扩大库容是实现超高产的重要前提,源强流畅是实现超高产的关键。The hybrid japonica rice variety Changyou 1 was used as a test material and three-year high yield culture experiments with the mechanically-transplanted small-medium seedlings were conducted at many locations in order to study the ultrahigh yield formation mechanism.The analysis of the test data from 189 experimental fields showed that 1）the descending order of the yield determining factors was the grains per paniclethe effective panicles per unit areathe seed-setting ratethe 1 000-seed weight;2）There was a very significant positive correlation between the sink size and the grain yield,or the larger the sink size,the higher the grain yield;3）The strong source and fluent transportation depended on reasonable regulation of the leaf area index of population growth,and it was needed to maintain more than 70%of efficient leaf area ratio and a higher grain-leaf ratio so as to ensure the biological yield and the biological productivity after heading.It was concluded that increasing the grains per spike was the main direction to reach the ultrahigh yield,enlarging the sink size was the prerequisite to reach the ultrahigh yield,and the strong source and fluent transportation was the key to the ultrahigh yield.

关 键 词：杂交晚粳 常优1号 机插 高产栽培 产量形成 

分 类 号：S511.11[农业科学—作物学]