麦草覆盖免耕栽培马铃薯调亏灌溉技术试验研究  

Study on regulated deficit irrigation technology for potato covered by straw without tillage

作　　者：庄健元[1] 成自勇[1] 韩辉生 解瑞[1] 董振堂 袁沛海[3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学工学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省民乐县洪水河管理处,甘肃民乐734503 [3]酒泉职业技术学院建筑工程系,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第6期7-11,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：甘肃省教育厅科研项目(0902-02)

摘　　要：2008-2009年在甘肃民乐县洪水河灌区进行了麦草覆盖免耕栽培马铃薯调亏灌溉大田试验,结果表明：麦草覆盖马铃薯栽培苗期进行轻度水分胁迫,处理的产量较覆盖充分灌溉处理没有显著降低,而马铃薯的水分利用效率、干物质、淀粉以及维生素C含量都与其它处理间存在差异,其值均达到了最大,分别为7.41 kg/m^3、22.41%、15.44%1、4.56 mg/100g鲜薯;同时麦草覆盖栽培充分灌溉处理产量等各项指标均优于常规土壤起垄种植充分灌溉处理,说明该技术能更有效地提高作物水分利用效率（WUE）,改良块茎品质,提高产量,且幼苗期轻度水分亏缺是覆盖马铃薯调亏灌溉的最佳时期和调亏程度。A field experiment was conducted in Hongshuihe River irrigation district in Minle of Gansu in 2008～2009 to study regulated deficit irrigation technology for potato covered by straw without tillage.The results showed that the yield of straw-covered potato with light water deficit in the seedling stage has no significant decrease compared to that with full irrigation, while the water use efficiency（WUE）,dry matter,starch and vitamin C content of straw-covered potato with light water deficit are different from those under other treatments and all the values of these items reach the maximum as 7.41 kg/m^3,22.41%,15.44% and 14.56 mg/100g fresh potato,respectively.At the same time,the yield and other indexes of straw-covered potato under full irrigation treatment are superior to those under full irrigation in soil ridge treatment of conventional cultivation.All these show that regulated deficit irrigation technology can improve more effectively crop WUE and ameliorate tuber quality and increase yield,and light water deficit in seedling stage is the best period and extent of deficit.

关 键 词：马铃薯 调亏灌溉 麦草覆盖 水分利用效率 品质 

分 类 号：S157.432[农业科学—土壤学] S275.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]