“衰亡史鉴”与晚清社会变革  

Learning from the Declined Nation's History and the Social Reform in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：刘雅军[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学历史文化学院,副教授050091

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2010年第4期59-68,共10页Historiography Bimonthly

摘　　要：维新志士非常关注衰亡国家的历史。戊戌年前后,"衰亡史鉴"主要强调"变"和"尊新"。但那时,论述衰亡史著的数量很少,反响也极其有限。庚子年之后,几十种衰亡史被编译出版,极大改变了社会风气。然而,在传统的以"个别事例褒贬法戒"的史鉴方式影响下,维新志士往往将"衰亡史鉴"与其变革方案相结合,并将其作为自己变革行动的依据。此时,"衰亡史鉴"分别被用来支持不同的变革方案,如"革命"或"改良","各省自立"、"排满"等等,在某种程度上,增加了中国变革过程的复杂性。The reformers in late Qing dynasty were very concerned with'the declined nations' history.They used it to strengthen people' reforming awareness.During the WuXu Political Reform,books about'declined nations'history mainly emphasized changes innovation.But the books were too few and reactions were also extremely limited.After several dozens of those books were translated into Chinese and published since 1900,the social mode has experienced profound changes.However,the traditional historical mode of mirroring the past led to so much deeply limitations.The reformers generally used a specific historical case of the declined nations to justify their own present plans of political reform,as seen in the 'Revolution','Reformation','Provincial Independence Movement','Manchu Expelling Movement',and so on.Consequently,China's modernization manifest many more complexities to a certain extent.

关 键 词：“衰亡史鉴” 晚清 社会变革 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]