PAMAMPS对高矿化度原油O／W乳状液稳定性的作用  

THE FUNCTION OF PAMAMPS IN THE STABILITY OF HIGH SALINITY OIL- IN- WATER EMLUISION

作　　者：张雅倩[1] 辛寅昌[1] 谢瑞瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学化学化工与材料科学学院,济南250014

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第4期82-86,共5页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家科技部创新项目（01C26213700899）

摘　　要：原油形成O／W乳状液体系后，可乳化降黏．但由于盐是强电解质，压缩分散相油珠的舣电层，所以高矿化度原油形成的O／W乳状液通常处于不稳定状态，采出过程中会出现水多油少的现象．本文用丙烯酰胺（AM）和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）合成了系列AM／AMPS聚合物．通过在碱金属为180000mg·L^-1，碱土金属盐为10000mg·L^-1的高矿化度条件下，各种聚合物的耐盐性对比实验，筛选出了合适分子量的耐盐的AM／AMPS聚合物（以下简称PAMAMPS）．利用PAMAMPS黏度和耐盐活性剂DM-5522（耐受碱金属盐为150000mg·L^-1，碱土金属为20000mg·L^-1）的协同作用，使形成的原油O／W乳状液在高矿化度环境下保持一定时间内的稳定（t≥50min），并能在150min后达到99％的脱水率．用热力学理论对O／W乳状液体系的分散和稳定进行了解释．此外试验发现了PAMAMPS耐Fe^2＋的特性，并对PAMAMPS的耐温性应用进行了讨论．The viscosity of crude oil can be reduced after O/W emulsion formed. However, as a kind of strong electrolyte salt,it can compress electric double layer of the dispersion phase droplet, The O/W emulsion of high salinity crude oil is usually unstable, and appears more water, less oil in oil extraction. A series of AM/AMPS polymers are synthesized with acrylamide and 2 - Acryloylamino - 2 - methyl - 1 - propanesulfonie acid in this paper. PAMAMPS with appropriate molecular and salt - resisting performance are selected by salt tolerance contrast experiments as alkali metal up to 180 000 mg ·L^-1 , alkaline earth metal up to 10 000 mg ·L^-1. With viscosity of PAMAMPS and the synergy of salt -resisting surfactant DM -5522（ alkali metal up to 150 000 mg·L^-1, alkaline earth metal up to 20 000 mg·L^-1） , the crude oil O/W emulsion can be stable for some time （t ≥50min）under high salinity, and the dehydration rate can be 99% in 150 minutes. Dispersion and stability of emulsion are explained by thermodynamics theory. In addition, the resistance to Fe2＋ of PAMAMPS is found. Heat - resistant performance of PAMAMPS is also discussed.

关 键 词：乳状液稳定性 高矿化度 PAMAMPS 耐Fe^2+ 

分 类 号：TE732.322[石油与天然气工程]