甲壳素基新材料研究进展  

RECENT PROGRESS OF CHITIN-BASED MATERIALS

作　　者：施晓文[1] 李晓霞[1] 杜予民[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《高分子学报》2011年第1期1-11,共11页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;项目号2010CB7322004);国家自然科学基金(基金号21007049);教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(项目号NECT-10-0618);武汉市创新人才计划资助

摘　　要：甲壳素/壳聚糖良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性及独特的生理活性使其成为非常有应用价值的天然高分子材料,当前已成为新材料领域的研究热点.甲壳素/壳聚糖具有良好的可加工性能,可固定贵金属、半导体纳米材料等活性催化物质,同时其本身也具有催化作用,是一类绿色环境友好的高分子催化材料.良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性使甲壳素/壳聚糖在生物医用材料上用途广泛,基于甲壳素/壳聚糖的纳米粒子、纳米纤维材料在药物控释载体、免疫诊断以及基因传递上有重要应用.甲壳素/壳聚糖的成膜性、pH敏感性及多氨基性使其成为修饰电极、微型传感器、芯片实验室的生物活性分析材料.甲壳素/壳聚糖还可作为绿色包装材料和高效环保材料.本文依据甲壳素/壳聚糖的结构和功能特性,对其在催化材料、医用纳米材料、生物分析材料、保鲜和包装材料及环境保护等领域国内外的研究现状进行了概述.Chitin is the most abundant nature resources next to cellulose.Regardless its poor solubility,functional materials developed from chitin are showing great potential in biomedical and biology applications due to its appealing biocompatible and biodegradable properties.Chitosan is the most important derivative of chitin.It is hydrophilic,pH responsive,gel-forming and easy to functionization without losing its biological activity.Films,Fibers,gels and powders are found their applications in various occasions.In this review,chitin and chitosan based functional materials are highlighted.Special interests are focused on recent developments in the filed of catalytic materials,medical nanomaterials,analytic materials,antibacterial and edible packaging materials and environmental materials.It is anticipated that more uses of chitin and chitosan as high value-added biomedical materials will be forthcoming in the near future.

关 键 词：甲壳素 壳聚糖 催化材料 纳米材料 生物分析 保鲜 环保材料 

分 类 号：O636.1[理学—高分子化学]