中国酿酒葡萄气候区划指标体系  

Index System of Viticultural Climatic Zoning in China

作　　者：李华[1] 兰玉芳[1] 王华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《科技导报》2011年第1期75-79,共5页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：在对中国各酿酒葡萄气候区划指标体系总结的基础上,从指标体系产生的气候背景、区划范围、区划手段以及区划结果方面,对目前中国各气候区划指标体系进行了比较和分析,并就如何建立一个系统全面的气候区划指标体系提出建议。研究结果表明,目前中国所应用的主要国外区划指标如水热系数、积温、维度-温度指数、光热系数、光热指数等并不能对全国范围进行全面有效区划。只有首先建立了基于中国自身地理气候特点的区划指标体系,其他分析手段才能充分发挥其优势。李华等所建立的无霜期-干燥度-埋土防寒线区划指标体系是首个以国内自身气候特点提出的新指标体系。中国气候区划目前存在三大问题:首先是区划指标的选择没能考虑到中国自身的自然气候地理特点,单一引用国外区划指标;其次区划一直在理论到理论的圈中转,没能全面深入到实际对其实用性进行验证;再次,没有一个基于全国的并细致到各产区的完整区划指标体系。国内酿酒葡萄气候区划正在向更科学全面的方向发展。通过对目前中国各气候区划指标体系的比较分析,为中国酿酒葡萄气候区划指标体系的完善和统一提供理论依据。On the basis of summarizing all of main index systems of viticultural climatic zoning in China, all of current internal index systems of grapevine climatic cultivation are compared and analyzed from the climatic background, climatic zoning areas, means, and results. It deems that the major external indexes in grapevine cultivation, hydrothermal coefficient, accumulated temperature, level division- temperature index, heliothermal index, hypothermal coefficient ,etc, referred by internal experts are not suitable for all zoning of China. It also believes that only when establishing the new index system which has considered Chinese own geography and climate, the other analysis methods could embody their potential. It still reckons that the new cultivation system （frost-free period, dryness index, and bury line）, founded by Li Hua et al is the first one regarding Chinese own climate features at present. Moreover, there are three problems： Firstly, the choice of indexes could not consider Chinese climate; Secondly, all the climatic zoning of viticulture are always from one theory to another theory, never go deep into the practice in order to verify their reliability; Thirdly, there is never a integral viticulture zoning which not only reaches entire country, but also goes into details on every areas. While the problems existing in the climatic zoning system for viticulture are indicated, the development trend of grapevine climatic zoning in China is also predicted. At last, some suggestions on climatic zoning in China are proposed. Based on the comparative analysis, a theoretical foundation of improvement and unity of indexes system of viticulture zoning in China is provided.

关 键 词：酿酒葡萄 气候区划 区划指标 热量指标 水分指标 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]