英语get－被动句的生成句法研究  

A generative analysis of the syntax of get-passives in English

作　　者：侯民吉[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省吉首市吉首大学公共外语教学部,416000

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2011年第1期21-33,158,共13页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：香港研究资助局(RGC)基金(9041288、9041610);湖南省社会科学基金(06YB83)的资助

摘　　要：本文从生成句法的角度解释英语get-被动句的句法结构,认为它们属于"例外授格"结构,其中的内嵌被动小句补足语的主语为隐性空反身代词。分析表明,get并不是助动词,而是实义动词,语义上须指派一个外论旨角色给句子主语,通常被解读为后面动词词组所描述事件的使因,同时还选择一个小句做补足语,该内嵌小句的主语原为被动动词基础生成的逻辑宾语,是一个隐性反身代词,受句子主语的先行语约束。据此,get分句本身并不是被动句,只是它们包含有作补足语的被动小句。This paper proposes a generative account of the syntactic structure of get-passives in English and argues that they are best analyzed as ECM constructions with a silent null reflexive subject in the embedded passive small clause complement.As demonstrated,get patterns more like a lexical verb than an auxiliary.It assigns an external theta-role to the sentence subject,which is interpreted as the causer of the event described by the following VP,and selects a small clause as its complement,in which the embedded subject,being base-generated as the underlying object of a passive V,is a silent null reflexive,antecedently-bound by the matrix subject.On this analysis,the get clauses are not themselves passive,but merely contain passive clauses as complements.

关 键 词：get-被动句 句法结构 例外授格动词 施事 隐性反身代词 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语]