“被”的双重句法地位和被字句的生成  

The double syntactic status of bei and the Mandarin bei-passive derivation

作　　者：曹道根[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江财经学院

出　　处：《当代语言学》2011年第1期73-81,94,共9页Contemporary Linguistics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(编号09BYY002);浙江财经学院研究生课程建设项目(编号07YJSKC24)的资助

摘　　要：本文修订、整合近期被字句生成的几个研究成果。主要观点是,长被句含复杂谓语,Aff是其零形主要谓语、由"被1"转指;次要谓语为表属性无定小句,小句开放性可在句法层面或语义层面得到允准;次要谓语小句主语由介词性标句词"被2"例外授格。短被句存在作格化、是单一小句、不含次要谓语。This paper presents a synthesis of several important theories recently advanced on the derivation of the Chinese bei-passives.It argues for the following points.First,the long bei-passive is not mono-clausal.Second,the primary predicate in the long bei-passive is not bei but a null form 'Aff' expressing affectedness.Third,Aff is metonymically designated in grammar by one of the two bei-s distinguished in Mandarin Chinese which also functions as a lexical passive marker.Fourth,the secondary predicate in the long bei-passive is a non-finite clause logically expressing the 'property' of the nominal subject of the sentence,and it is an open predicate licensed either syntactically or semantically.Fifth,the subject of the clausal secondary predicate in the long bei-passive gets exceptionally case-marked by the other prepositional bei in Chinese that behaves like a complementizer.And sixth,the short bei-passive is mono-clausal and has no secondary predicate,its verb being ergativized.

关 键 词：被字句 生成句法 双重句法地位 复杂谓语 作格化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]