喷管对脉冲爆轰发动机性能的影响  

NOZZLE EFFECTS ON PERFORMANCE OF PULSE DETONATION ENGINES

作　　者：李旭东[1] 王春[1] 姜宗林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所高温气体动力学重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《力学学报》2011年第1期1-10,共10页Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目资助(10632090)~~

摘　　要：采用热力学循环分析方法,从理论上推导了脉冲爆轰发动机(pulse detonation engine,PDE)不完全膨胀条件下的热效率公式,并定量考察了不同燃烧室初始温度下热循环效率随出口压力比的变化,研究表明气体膨胀越完全,工质的热循环效率越高.应用数值模拟方法分别研究了收缩-扩张喷管和扩张喷管,比较了它们对PDE推力和比冲的影响,考察了它们在PDE各个循环阶段的作用.此外,还分析了收缩-扩张喷管收缩段引起的反射激波的影响,理论上反射激波会降低PDE热循环效率和比冲,但当反射激波马赫数小于1.5时,对PDE热循环效率的影响很小,其正面作用占优.Thermal efficiency of pulse detonation engines（PDEs） was formulated with thermodynamic cycle analysis when the exhaust flow is not perfectly expanded,the quantitative relation of PDEs thermal efficiency and nozzle exit pressure ratio was examined under different initial combustor temperature,the closer the exhaust pressure gets to ambient pressure,the higher efficiency PDE could achieve.Effects of the CD-nozzle and the D-nozzle on PDE performance are investigated by numerical simulations;the obtained thrust and impulse of PDE are compared with each other for different cases,and nozzle effects on each period of the PDE cycle are also investigated.In addition,the influence of reflected shock waves from the convergent section of a CD-nozzle is also studied to show that the reflected shock waves actually affect the thermodynamic cycle efficiency more or less,but when the shock Mach number is less than 1.5,PDE thermal efficiency reduction is quite slight and the positive effects of nozzle are dominated.

关 键 词：脉冲爆轰发动机 热循环分析 喷管 激波反射 计算流体动力学 

分 类 号：O381[理学—流体力学]