采伐对小兴安岭森林沼泽甲烷通量的影响  

Effects of Cutting on Methane Flux from Forested Swamps in Xiaoxing'an Mountains,Northeast China

作　　者：孙晓新[1,2] 牟长城[2] 宋长春 吴云霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012 [2]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第1期190-194,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30670349和41001052)资助

摘　　要：采伐干扰是森林湿地遭受的主要干扰类型之一。采伐引起的温度和水位条件的改变,会导致森林湿地甲烷通量发生变化。本文选择小兴安岭3种森林沼泽湿地为研究对象,利用静态暗箱-气相色谱法观测它们在择伐和皆伐干扰下甲烷通量的变化,探讨采伐对天然森林沼泽甲烷通量的影响及其影响机制。结果表明:采伐前3种森林沼泽都为大气甲烷的汇(-0.19～-1.85mgm-2d-1),择伐和皆伐都导致3个类型的森林沼泽作为大气甲烷汇的功能降低(-0.22～-1.29mgm-2d-1),或者由大气甲烷的汇转变为甲烷的源(0.50～157.37mgm-2d-1)。温度和水位的共同作用导致采伐后森林沼泽甲烷通量的变化。为减少甲烷气体的排放,在有必要对森林沼泽的树木资源进行利用时,采伐方式应该尽量避免皆伐,只能进行适当的择伐。Cutting is one of the main disturbances of forested wetlands in Xiaoxing＇an Mountains,Northeast China.Changing temperature and water table conditions causing by cutting may induce methane flux changes from forested wetlands.To evaluate effects of cutting on methane flux and affecting factors,methane fluxes in three natural forested swamps before and after thinning and clear cutting were measured by using a static opaque chamber and gas chromatography method.Results showed that three natural forested swamps were atmospheric methane sinks（-0.19--1.85 mg m-2 d-1）,after selective and clear cutting,their uptake of methane（-0.22--1.29 mg m-2 d-1） was less than that of the natural ones,or released to the atmospheric methane sources（0.50-157.37 mg m-2 d-1）.Changes in temperature and water table together contributed to the changes of methane fluxes.If the utilization of trees in forested swamps were necessary,we should choose selective cutting rather than clear cutting to reduce methane emission.

关 键 词：垃甲烷通量 森林沼泽 择伐 皆伐 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]