中国沙尘暴发生的气象危险度研究  

Meteorologically Dangerous Level of Dust Storm Occurrence in China

作　　者：罗敬宁[1] 郑新江[1] 朱福康[1] 咸迪[1] 杨维西[2] 屠志方[2] 李梦先[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局国家卫星气象中心,北京100081 [2]国家林业局防沙治沙办公室,北京100714

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2011年第1期185-190,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAC40B03);国家林业局荒漠化和沙化监测专题项目资助

摘　　要：引入沙尘暴发生的气象危险度的概念,通过数学模型、实例计算和数据分析,得到了定量的沙尘暴发生危险程度评价指标,并绘制了中国沙尘暴发生的气象危险度区划图。结果表明:①新疆南部地区沙尘暴发生的危险度最大(气象危险度最高达到4级),其次是内蒙古西部、甘肃北部部分地区(气象危险度最高达到3级)。②大风是沙尘暴发生的重要驱动力,每次沙尘天气过程中都伴随较强的风速,但是,沙尘暴天气过程越强,风速越大的现象并不明显。③通过绘制中国沙尘暴发生的气象危险度区划图,可以更好地刻画沙尘暴发生危险程度的空间分布特征,同时也为沙尘暴预报和灾害评价提供了重要参考。In this paper,the concept of meteorologically dangerous level of dust storm occurrence is introduced.Based on mathematical model,sample calculation and data analysis,the authors have got the quantitative evaluation index system and drawn the zoning map meteorologically dangerous level of sand storm occurrence in China.The results indicate that the southern area of XinJiang has the highest meteorologically dangerous level of dust storm occurrence,the western Inner Mongolia and some regions in northern Gansu province take the second place.Wind is main driving force of dust storms,and dust storms always occur along with strong wind,but there is no significantly positive correlation between meteorologically dangerous level of dust storm occurrence and wind speed.The zoning map of meteorologically dangerous level of dust storm occurrence in China can clearly depict the spatial distribution of meteorologically dangerous level of dust storm occurrence,which also can offer references for dust storm forecast and disaster evaluation.

关 键 词：沙尘暴 大风 气象危险度 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]