面向“能力构筑竞争”的制造业信息化策略研究  

Research on a manufacturing informationization strategy orienting capability-building competition

作　　者：戴跃洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学先进制造技术研究所,四川成都611731

出　　处：《机械》2011年第1期31-39,共9页Machinery

基　　金：国家"十五"攻关项目(2001BA201A06);四川省青年基金项目(03ZQ026-047);四川省学术和技术带头人培养资金重点项目(06202034)

摘　　要：目前我国的制造业信息化仍然存在成功率低等老问题,严重阻碍了工业化和信息化融合的实施,急需寻求有效的解决办法。为此,首先分析了上述问题的根源:其表面原因是缺乏将企业信息化的详细需求与信息系统各项功能进行对接的系统化方法;其深层原因在于制造业信息化领域长期缺乏深入的基础理论研究。其次,以计算机集成制造系统为例回顾了制造业信息化基础理论的研究状况,发现其早期的"技术中心论"忽视了客户、职员和组织;而其后期的"客户中心论"虽然重视客户,却仍然对职员和组织不够重视。然后,通过对当代制造业的欧美模式和日本模式的对比分析,发现企业的"组织能力"是决定胜负的深层竞争力,擅长于"能力构筑竞争"的日本企业比欧美企业更具有深层竞争优势。因此,提出解决我国制造业信息化成功率低等问题的一个办法——面向"能力构筑竞争"的制造业信息化策略:把制造业信息化与企业"组织能力"进行有机结合,形成以"组织能力"为中心的制造业信息化发展模式。进而对新版计算机集成制造企业轮图提出把"组织"与"客户"同时放置在轮图中心的修改建议。最后对面向"能力构筑竞争"的制造业信息化策略的研究内容和关键技术提出了初步设想。At present, some old problems such as low success ratio still exist in manufacturing informationization in China, which baffle implementing of the fusing of industrialization and informationization seriously, so an effective solution for it is in dire need. Therefor, firstly the root causes of the problems are analyzed： its surface cause is being short of a systematic method for joining together particular requirement of enterprise informationization and various functions of information systems; its deep-seated cause is lack of in-depth fundamental theoretical research in the field of manufacturing informatization in a long period of time. Secondly, with computer-integrated manufacturing system being raked for instance, the situation of fundamental theoretical research of manufacturing informatization is reviewed. It is discovered that the earlier technology-centered theory ignores customers and staff and organizations, and the later customer-centered theory, although emphasize customers, still does not attach enough importance to staff and organizations. Afterwards, with the help of comparing the current manufacturing mode of America and Europe with that of Japan, it is found that enterprises＇s organizational capability is the deep-seated competitiveness that determines its victory or defeat, and, compared with the enterprises from America and Europe, the Japanese enterprises who specialize in capability-building competition possess deep-seated competing advantages. Consequently, as a solution for the problems of low success ratio in China＇s manufacturing inforrnationization, a strategy of manufacturing informationization orienting capability-building competition is presented： combining organicly manufacturing informationization with company＇s organizational capability, so as to form an organizational capability-centered developing mode of manufacturing informationization. Furthermore, as to the new computer-integrated manufacturing enterprise wheel, a modifying proposal that both organization and cu

关 键 词：制造业信息化策略 计算机集成制造企业轮图 客户中心论 能力构筑竞争 组织能力 

分 类 号：TH166[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]