东海中北部海域虾类群聚结构特征及空间分布  

Structural characteristics and spatial distribution of the shrimp population in the mid-north East China Sea

作　　者：陈小庆[1] 俞存根[1] 宋海棠[2] 章飞军[1] 宁平[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋学院水产学院,浙江舟山316004 [2]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江舟山316100 [3]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋学研究》2010年第4期50-58,共9页Journal of Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30970464);国家海洋勘测专项资助项目;浙江省科技厅资助项目(2006C23051)

摘　　要：利用1998年5月（春）、8月（夏）、11月（秋）和1999年2月（冬）在东海26°00′~33°00′N、127°00′E以西海域的虾类资源调查资料,采用聚类分析和非度量多维标度排序（nMDS）法,对该海域虾类的种类组成、优势种和多样性等群聚结构特征进行了分析,并研究了虾类群聚结构的空间分布变化。结果表明：共鉴定到的71种虾类中,对虾科和管鞭虾科种类数为最多,优势种为假长缝拟对虾Parapenaeus fissuroides、戴氏赤虾Metapenaepsis dalei、方板赤虾Metapenaepsis tenella、鹰爪虾Trachypenaeus curvirostris、中华管鞭虾Solenoceracrassicornis和葛氏长臂虾Palaemon gravieri等17种,其中,春季的优势种数量为最多（14种）,秋季次之（13种）,夏、冬季则较少（均为10种）。虾类多样性指数（H′）秋季为最高,夏、冬季次之,春季则最小。东海中北部海域虾类可划分为A、B、C 3个群聚,A群聚主要分布在30°30′N以北海域,主要种类有哈氏仿对虾Parapenaeopsis hardwickii、细巧仿对虾Parapenaeopsistenella、鹰爪虾、中华管鞭虾和葛氏长臂虾等广温、广盐性种类;B群聚主要分布在28°30′~30°30′N海域,主要种类有须赤虾Metapenaepsis barbata、大管鞭虾Solenocera melantho、凹管鞭虾Solenocera koellbeli和东海红虾Plesionika izumiae等高温、高盐性浅海种;C群聚主要分布在28°30′N以南海域,主要种类有菲赤虾Metapenaepsis philippi和九齿扇虾Ibacus novemdentatus等高温、高盐性外海种。不同类型群聚的空间分布呈现重叠交错,故没有明显的划分边界,但密集分布的海域有所不同。不同群聚间虾类组成的季节变化具有一定的连续性,这保证了整个海域虾类分布的稳定性。Based on the data colleted in the shrimp resource investigation in the shelf area to the west of 127°00′ E,from 26°00′ N to 33°00′ N in May,August and November,1998 and in February 1999 with a multi-sac trawl-net at 115 stations,the species composition and the seasonal and spatial variation of the predominant species and diversity of the shrimp population are studied.And 17 species,of which the biomass makes up 95% of the total are selected to study the spatial pattern of the shrimp composition in this area with clustering analysis and non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling.Of the 71 species identified in the study,Penaeidae and Solenoceridae are the most.According to the standard of IRI（the species with IRI above 1 000 is regarded as dominant species in this paper）,there are 17 dominant species such as Parapenaeus fissuroides,Metapenaepsis dalei,Metapenaepsis tenella,Trachypenaeus curvirostris,Solenocera crassicornis,Palaemon gravieri and so on.Comparison of the number of dominant species in different seasons shows that there are 14 species in spring which is the most,the next is in autumn（13 species） and the least is in summer and winter（10 species respectively）.The mid-north East China Sea exhibited high Shannon-Wiener diversity indices（H′） in autumn,lower in summer and winter,and the lowest in spring.By hierarchical clustering analysis and non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling（nMDS）,A,B,C shrimp assemblage styles are identified in the mid-north East China Sea.The dominant species in A assemblage is mainly in the area to the north of 30°30′ N,with Parapenaeopsis hardwickii,Parapenaeopsis tenella,Trachypenaeus curvirostris,Solenocera crassicornis,Palaemon gravierietc. In the lead,which belong to eurythermal and eurysaline community.The dominant species in B assemblage is mainly between 28°30′ N and 30°30′ N,with Metapenaepsis barbata,Solenocera melamho,Solenocera koellbeli,Plesionika izumiaeetc. In the lead,which belong to hyperthermal and hysaline community.The dominant speci

关 键 词：群聚结构 空间分布 聚类分析 非度量多维标度排序 

分 类 号：S932[农业科学—渔业资源]