香菇菌棒转色是出好菇的关键环节  

The Key Step of Color Changing of Mushroom Fungus Bar to Cultivation of Mushroom

作　　者：杨春华[1] 马树新[2] 白琼岩 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]北京市房山区种子管理站,北京102488 [3]北京市种子管理站,北京100088

出　　处：《北京农业（下旬刊）》2010年第12期21-23,共3页Beijing Agriculture

摘　　要：香菇是一种高蛋白、低脂肪、营养丰富的著名的食药兼用菌。香菇历来被我国人民作为延年益寿的补品,具有调节人体新陈代谢、帮助消化、降低血压、减少胆固醇、预防肝硬变、消除胆结石和防治佝偻病等功效,在国内外享有"植物皇后"和"健康食品"的美誉。经常食用香菇可以提高人体的免疫机能,强身健体,增强身体素质。香菇属于低温变温菌类,栽培中香菇菌棒或菌床的转色与转色后的惊蕈是不可忽视的关键环节。因为香菇菌棒转色与惊蕈工作是在香菇菌丝体营养生长向生殖生长阶段的过渡中进行的,它受自然环境与气候条件的影响,如温度、湿度、光照等作用,在栽培生产中要创造适宜的条件,才能避免香菇菌棒不转色、早产、群生、畸形的现象的出现,所以转色与惊蕈是香菇栽培管理中的关键环节。掌握好这个关键环节可以提高香菇的商品产量,保证香菇子实体产品质量,达到丰产丰收的目的。The mushroom is a high protein, low fat, nutrient-rich, and edible and medicinal fungi. Mushroom has always been a longevity tonic in our country, capable of regulating the body metabolism, helping digestion, lower blood pressure, reduce cholesterol, prevent cirrhosis, remove gallstones, and prevent rickets and other effects. And it is famous as ＂Plant Queen＂ and ＂Health Food＂ in the world. Regular consumption of mushrooms can improve immune function and physical health, and enhance physical fitness. Mushrooms are low temperature fungi, in growing period, color changing of mushroom fungus bed or bar and the scared mushroom after color change is the key can not be ignored. Because color changing of mushroom fungus bar and scared mushroom works are doing in the mushroom mycelium vegetative growth to reproductive growth stage of the transition, and it is subject to the natural environment and weather condition, such as temperature, humidity, light, and etc. in growing period, creating appropriate conditions to avoid the phenomenon of no color changing of mushroom fungus bar, premature birth, sentient beings, and deformity happened. Obviously, color changing and scared mushroom is the key of mushroom cultivation and management. To master this crucial part can increase mushroom production, ensure product quality of mushroom, and achieve the purpose of harvest yield.

关 键 词：香菇 保健康复 菌棒转色 惊蕈 商品产量 

分 类 号：S464[农业科学—植物保护]