跟骨形态的观测及临床意义  

Observation and clinical significance of calcaneus of human

作　　者：陈丽萍[1] 刘瑞昌[1] 陈旭[1] 凌光烈[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院局部解剖与手术学教研室,辽宁沈阳110001

出　　处：《解剖科学进展》2011年第1期51-53,59,共4页Progress of Anatomical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81072056);辽宁省博士科研启动基金(No.20101142)

摘　　要：目的研究跟骨的解剖学特点,为跟骨骨折的手术治疗提供解剖学依据。方法观测60侧男性成人跟骨的解剖学形态;观测跟骨骨密质、骨小梁的分布情况;对手术治疗跟骨骨折有意义的骨性标志进行测量。结果跟骨的长、宽、高分别为:(71.5±4.2)mm,(41.4±2.4)mm和(42.3±2.8)mm。跟骨前部、沟部、后部的宽度分别为:(24.6±2.1)mm,(32.1±2.6)mm和(26.9±2.1)mm。载距突的长、宽、高分别为:(23.2±1.6)mm,(13.5±1.3)mm和(10.9±1.1)mm。载距突与跟骨水平面的夹角为(50±3),后关节面至跟骨沟部与至跟骨前突之间的夹角(Gissane's角)为(123.5±8.7),后关节面上缘分别至骰骨关节面前上缘和跟骨结节上缘连线的交角(Bohler's角)为(34.6±4.1)。结论本文观测统计的男性正常跟骨的形态和数值,可为跟骨骨折的手术治疗提供解剖学数据。Objective To study the anatomical characteristics of calcaneus of human to provide the anatomical basis for the surgical treatment of calcaneus fracture. Method The anatomical modality of sixty male adults’calcaneus was observed with gross anatomical method. Results Calcaneus＇s length, width and height are （71.5±4.2）mm, （41.4±2.4） mm and （42.3±2.8）mm respectively. Calcaneus＇s forepart, calcaneal sulcus and posterior＇s width are （24.6±2.1）mm, （32.1±2.6）mm and （26.9±2.1）mm respectively. Sustentaculum tali＇s length, width and height are （23.2±1.6）mm, （13.5±1.3） m and （10.9±11）mm respectively. Sustentaculum tali and calcaneus level＇s separation angle is （50±3）°, the separation angle between posterior articular facet to the calcaneal sulcus and the posterior articular facet to the calcaneal protrusion （Gissane＇s angle） is （123.5±8.7）°. The separation angle（Bohler＇s angle） between posterior articular＇s superior margin to the cuboid joint surface＇s anterior margin and to the calcaneal tubercle＇s superior margin is （34.6±4.1）°. Conclusion The values of the normal man calcaneus of the present study can provide the anatomical basis fo the surgical treatment of calcaneus fracture.

关 键 词：跟骨 测量 解剖学 骨性标志 人 

分 类 号：R322.71[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]